Biomaterial Database

Benign and malignant nerve tumors. 1995

R S Idler

Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, USA.

Tumors of peripheral nerves in the upper extremity are uncommon. All too frequently this diagnosis is made intraoperatively or postoperatively with the potential to compromise the outcome of treatment. An appropriate index of suspicion is necessary for inclusion of peripheral nerve tumors and a differential diagnosis of an upper extremity mass. Knowledge of this group of neoplasms will help direct evaluation and treatment.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009423	Nervous System Neoplasms	Benign and malignant neoplastic processes arising from or involving components of the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems, cranial nerves, and meninges. Included in this category are primary and metastatic nervous system neoplasms.	Neoplasms, Nervous System,Nervous System Tumors,Tumors of the Nervous System,Neoplasm, Nervous System,Nervous System Neoplasm,Nervous System Tumor,Tumor, Nervous System,Tumors, Nervous System
D009442	Neurilemmoma	A neoplasm that arises from SCHWANN CELLS of the cranial, peripheral, and autonomic nerves. Clinically, these tumors may present as a cranial neuropathy, abdominal or soft tissue mass, intracranial lesion, or with spinal cord compression. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, highly vascular, and composed of a homogenous pattern of biphasic fusiform-shaped cells that may have a palisaded appearance. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp964-5)	Neurinoma,Schwannoma,Schwannomatosis, Plexiform,Neurilemoma,Neurilemmomas,Neurilemomas,Neurinomas,Plexiform Schwannomatoses,Plexiform Schwannomatosis,Schwannomas
D009455	Neurofibroma	A moderately firm, benign, encapsulated tumor resulting from proliferation of SCHWANN CELLS and FIBROBLASTS that includes portions of nerve fibers. The tumors usually develop along peripheral or cranial nerves and are a central feature of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1, where they may occur intracranially or involve spinal roots. Pathologic features include fusiform enlargement of the involved nerve. Microscopic examination reveals a disorganized and loose cellular pattern with elongated nuclei intermixed with fibrous strands. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1016)	Neurofibromas
D010523	Peripheral Nervous System Diseases	Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves.	Peripheral Nerve Diseases,Peripheral Neuropathies,PNS (Peripheral Nervous System) Diseases,PNS Diseases,Peripheral Nervous System Disease,Peripheral Nervous System Disorders,Nerve Disease, Peripheral,Nerve Diseases, Peripheral,Neuropathy, Peripheral,PNS Disease,Peripheral Nerve Disease,Peripheral Neuropathy
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001132	Arm	The superior part of the upper extremity between the SHOULDER and the ELBOW.	Brachium,Upper Arm,Arm, Upper,Arms,Arms, Upper,Brachiums,Upper Arms
D018241	Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral	A group of highly cellular primitive round cell neoplasms which occur extracranially in soft tissue and bone and are derived from embryonal neural crest cells. These tumors occur primarily in children and adolescents and share a number of characteristics with EWING SARCOMA.	Neuroectodermal Tumor, Peripheral,Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor,Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors,(pPNET) Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors,Extracranial Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor,Neuroectodermal Neoplasm, Peripheral Primitive,Neuroectodermal Tumor, Peripheral Primitive,Neuroepithelioma, Peripheral,Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasm,Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor, Extracranial,Neuroectodermal Tumors, Peripheral,Neuroepitheliomas, Peripheral,Peripheral Neuroectodermal Tumor,Peripheral Neuroectodermal Tumors,Peripheral Neuroepithelioma,Peripheral Neuroepitheliomas,Tumor, Peripheral Neuroectodermal,Tumors, Peripheral Neuroectodermal