A total of 205 patients with primary superficial bladder cancer (Ta, T1) followed more than 3 years were retrospectively analyzed for factors related to recurrence of tumors after transurethral resection. Patients age were 25 to 90 years old, average 61 years old, and there were 160 males and 45 females. Initial tumor grades were G0 in 4 patients, G1 in 48, G2 in 134 and G3 in 19. Seventy four patients had Ta tumor and 131 had T1. Initial treatments were transurethral resection (TUR) alone in 137 patients. TUR with intravesical chemotherapy in 64, with BCG therapy in 7 and others in 7. Factors examined included age, sex, chief complaint, shape, size, and number of tumors, tumor distribution (single area or multiple area), histological grade, stage and intravesical chemotherapy. Overall non-recurrent rate were 81.7% at 1 year, 60.7% at 3 year, 53. 8% at 5 year and 44.2% at 8 year. Five-year non-recurrent rate according tumor factors, showed significant difference regarding tumor size (< 1 cm or 1 cm <: P = 0.027), tumor number (single or multiple: P = 0.004), tumor distribution (single area or multiple area: p = 0.002), histological grade (< G1 or G2 < : p = 0.001) and stage (Ta or T1: p = 0001). However, there were no significant difference regarding factors of age, sex, chief complaint, tumor figure and presence or absence of intravesical chemotherapy. This results suggested that the tumor factors of size, number, tumor distribution, grade and stage were highly related to intravesical tumor recurrence of superficial bladder cancer.