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Levamisole adds granulocyte toxicity to 5FU-based chemotherapies in adjuvant treatment of Dukes B-C colorectal cancer. A preliminary report. 1995

L Longrée, and C Focan, and J Bury, and M Beauduin, and D Brohee, and A Duvivier, and M Lecomte, and S Markiewicz, and A Vindevoghel, and J Weerts
Saint-Joseph-Esperance Hospital Center, Liège, Belgium.

41 patients (pilot study-I) and 50 patients (multicenter study II) were randomized to receive as systemic chemotherapy for 6 courses with 5 FU alone (A) [440 (I)-450 (II) mg/m2 IV bolus, 5/21 days] or folinic acid followed by 5 FU (B) (respectively 200 and 370 mg/m2 IV bolus, 5/21 days). In the multicenter trial, oral levamisole at the dose of 150 mg/day (3/14 days) was added to chemotherapy for one year. Ten patients in study I and 19 patients in study II also received a post-operative course of intra-portal chemotherapy. Toxicity was evaluated respectively on 232 (I) and 276 (II) courses. Clinical limiting toxicities were stomatitis and diarrhea. In protocol II, a significant enhancement of grades 3-4 granulocyte toxicity was seen (17.3% of courses in II vs only 3.4% in I; p < 0.001). This was especially recorded in the group treated with 5-FU alone (26% of courses in A vs 11% in B; p < 0.001). Levamisole was therefore stopped in 12 cases (10 cases in A; 2 cases in B).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007978 Levamisole An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6) L-Tetramisole,Levotetramisole,Decaris,Dekaris,Levamisole Hydrochloride,Solaskil,Hydrochloride, Levamisole
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D010865 Pilot Projects Small-scale tests of methods and procedures to be used on a larger scale if the pilot study demonstrates that these methods and procedures can work. Pilot Studies,Pilot Study,Pilot Project,Project, Pilot,Projects, Pilot,Studies, Pilot,Study, Pilot
D005260 Female Females
D005472 Fluorouracil A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid. 5-FU,5-FU Lederle,5-FU Medac,5-Fluorouracil,5-Fluorouracil-Biosyn,5-HU Hexal,5FU,Adrucil,Carac,Efudex,Efudix,Fluoro-Uracile ICN,Fluoroplex,Fluorouracil Mononitrate,Fluorouracil Monopotassium Salt,Fluorouracil Monosodium Salt,Fluorouracil Potassium Salt,Fluorouracil-GRY,Fluorouracile Dakota,Fluorouracilo Ferrer Far,Fluoruracil,Fluracedyl,Flurodex,Haemato-FU,Neofluor,Onkofluor,Ribofluor,5 FU Lederle,5 FU Medac,5 Fluorouracil,5 Fluorouracil Biosyn,5 HU Hexal,Dakota, Fluorouracile,Fluoro Uracile ICN,Fluorouracil GRY,Haemato FU
D006098 Granulocytes Leukocytes with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. They are divided into three groups according to the staining properties of the granules: neutrophilic, eosinophilic, and basophilic. Mature granulocytes are the NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and BASOPHILS. Granulocyte
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly
D015179 Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI. Colorectal Cancer,Colorectal Carcinoma,Colorectal Tumors,Neoplasms, Colorectal,Cancer, Colorectal,Cancers, Colorectal,Carcinoma, Colorectal,Carcinomas, Colorectal,Colorectal Cancers,Colorectal Carcinomas,Colorectal Neoplasm,Colorectal Tumor,Neoplasm, Colorectal,Tumor, Colorectal,Tumors, Colorectal

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