Biomaterial Database

Effect of beta-lactamase expression on susceptibility of local isolates of Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to beta-lactam antibiotics. 1995

M A Ramadan, and A F Tawfik, and A M Shibl

Division of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

During surveillance studies, a total of 66 strains of gram-negative bacilli (28 Enterobacter cloacae, 20 Serratia marcescens and 18 Pseudomonas aeruginosa) with a reduced susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins, aztreonam and amikacin were isolated from documented infections. All isolates were highly susceptible to imipenem and sparfloxacin. beta-Lactamase activity was demonstrated in all isolates of E. cloacae and S. marcescens, and in 77% of P. aeruginosa isolates. Inducible beta-lactamase activity was detected in 80, 65 and 40% of E. cloacae, S. marcescens and P. aeruginosa isolates, respectively, when cefoxitin was used as an inducer. More inducible beta-lactamase producers were observed when imipenem was used as an inducer. Isolates of E. cloacae, and to a lesser extent S. marcescens, expressed a wide spectrum of beta-lactamase activities. There was a good correlation between baseline beta-lactamase activity and the respective MIC of ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, and to a lesser extent aztreonam in E. cloacae and S. marcescens isolates. Only one isolate of E. cloacae demonstrated an extended beta-lactamase activity. The data suggest that the resistance of E. cloacae and S. marcescens isolates to beta-lactam antibiotics is largely dependent upon hyperproduction of beta-lactamase.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008826	Microbial Sensitivity Tests	Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).	Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D011550	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens (wound, burn, and urinary tract infections). It is also found widely distributed in soil and water. P. aeruginosa is a major agent of nosocomial infection.	Bacillus aeruginosus,Bacillus pyocyaneus,Bacterium aeruginosum,Bacterium pyocyaneum,Micrococcus pyocyaneus,Pseudomonas polycolor,Pseudomonas pyocyanea
D004754	Enterobacter	Gram-negative gas-producing rods found in feces of humans and other animals, sewage, soil, water, and dairy products.
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000900	Anti-Bacterial Agents	Substances that inhibit the growth or reproduction of BACTERIA.	Anti-Bacterial Agent,Anti-Bacterial Compound,Anti-Mycobacterial Agent,Antibacterial Agent,Antibiotics,Antimycobacterial Agent,Bacteriocidal Agent,Bacteriocide,Anti-Bacterial Compounds,Anti-Mycobacterial Agents,Antibacterial Agents,Antibiotic,Antimycobacterial Agents,Bacteriocidal Agents,Bacteriocides,Agent, Anti-Bacterial,Agent, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agent, Antibacterial,Agent, Antimycobacterial,Agent, Bacteriocidal,Agents, Anti-Bacterial,Agents, Anti-Mycobacterial,Agents, Antibacterial,Agents, Antimycobacterial,Agents, Bacteriocidal,Anti Bacterial Agent,Anti Bacterial Agents,Anti Bacterial Compound,Anti Bacterial Compounds,Anti Mycobacterial Agent,Anti Mycobacterial Agents,Compound, Anti-Bacterial,Compounds, Anti-Bacterial
D001618	beta-Lactamases	Enzymes found in many bacteria which catalyze the hydrolysis of the amide bond in the beta-lactam ring. Well known antibiotics destroyed by these enzymes are penicillins and cephalosporins.	beta-Lactamase,beta Lactamase,beta Lactamases
D012706	Serratia marcescens	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in soil, water, food, and clinical specimens. It is a prominent opportunistic pathogen for hospitalized patients.
D013045	Species Specificity	The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.	Species Specificities,Specificities, Species,Specificity, Species
D015378	Imipenem	Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.	Imipemide,N-Formimidoylthienamycin,Imipenem Anhydrous,Imipenem, Anhydrous,MK-0787,MK0787,Anhydrous Imipenem,Anhydrous, Imipenem,MK 0787,N Formimidoylthienamycin
D018432	Drug Resistance, Multiple	Simultaneous resistance to several structurally and functionally distinct drugs.	Drug Resistance, Extensively,Extensively Drug Resistance,Extensively-Drug Resistance,Multidrug Resistance,Multi-Drug Resistance,Extensively Drug Resistances,Extensively-Drug Resistances,Multiple Drug Resistance,Resistance, Extensively Drug,Resistance, Extensively-Drug,Resistance, Multiple Drug