The results of an epidemiological analysis of cholera in Mozambique from 1973 to 1992 are described. The project sought to assess the influence of socio-economic and ecological factors the spread of cholera in a country at war. Information about the incidence of cholera and the fatality rate were related to the rainfall and the annual average growth rate of the population in the main cities. Water supply, sanitation and food hygiene were also studied. The high annual average growth rate of the population was found to have a direct linear correlation to the incidence of cholera. The drought of 1991-1992 also played an important role in the increased number of cases of the disease. Cholera has presented an endemic-epidemic pattern determined by: a) the uncontrolled growth of urban population, b) the deterioration of sanitation in urban centers, c) the unhygienic commercialization of food and d) the drought.