[A comparative analysis of the effect of nootropic preparations with different chemical structures on the failure of the escape reaction in rats]. 1995

A N Inozemtsev, and P L Pragina, and F A Firova, and S S Trofimov, and T A Gudasheva, and N A Tushmalova, and R U Ostrovskaia, and T A Voronina

The nootropic agents pyroglutamyl-D-alanine amide (TGS-20), mechlofenoxate, and mexidole versus piracetam were tested for their effects on the reversible impairments of cognitive brain functions, on the demolition of active avoidance responses in rats. TGS-20 (1 mg/kg/day) and mexidole (10 mg/kg/day) injected intraperitoneally 30 minutes prior to the experiment showed a normalizing effect in smaller doses than did piracetam (300 mg/kg/day). Mechlofenoxate (50 mg/kg/day) displayed a lower protective effect.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D003214 Conditioning, Classical Learning that takes place when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus. Reflex, Conditioned,Classical Conditioning,Classical Conditionings,Conditioned Reflex,Conditionings, Classical
D004305 Dose-Response Relationship, Drug The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug. Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D004924 Escape Reaction Innate response elicited by sensory stimuli associated with a threatening situation, or actual confrontation with an enemy. Flight Reaction,Escape Reactions,Flight Reactions,Reaction, Escape,Reaction, Flight,Reactions, Escape,Reactions, Flight
D005108 Extinction, Psychological The procedure of presenting the conditioned stimulus without REINFORCEMENT to an organism previously conditioned. It refers also to the diminution of a conditioned response resulting from this procedure. Psychological Extinction,Extinction (Psychology),Extinctions (Psychology),Extinctions, Psychological,Psychological Extinctions
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013329 Structure-Activity Relationship The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups. Relationship, Structure-Activity,Relationships, Structure-Activity,Structure Activity Relationship,Structure-Activity Relationships
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D018697 Nootropic Agents Drugs used to specifically facilitate learning or memory, particularly to prevent the cognitive deficits associated with dementias. These drugs act by a variety of mechanisms. Anti-Dementia Agent,Antidementia Agent,Cognitive Enhancer,Cognitive Enhancers,Nootropic,Nootropic Agent,Nootropic Drug,Procognitive Agent,Anti-Dementia Agents,Antidementia Agents,Nootropic Drugs,Nootropics,Procognitive Agents,Agent, Anti-Dementia,Agent, Antidementia,Agent, Nootropic,Agent, Procognitive,Agents, Anti-Dementia,Agents, Antidementia,Agents, Nootropic,Agents, Procognitive,Anti Dementia Agent,Anti Dementia Agents,Drug, Nootropic,Drugs, Nootropic,Enhancer, Cognitive,Enhancers, Cognitive
D018709 Statistics, Nonparametric A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5) Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test,Kruskal-Wallis H Statistic,Mann-Whitney U Test,Rank-Sum Tests,Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient,Wilcox Test,Wilcoxon Rank Test,Non-Parametric Statistics,Nonparametric Statistics,Statistics, Non-Parametric,Kolmogorov Smirnov Test,Mann Whitney U Test,Non Parametric Statistics,Rank Sum Tests,Rank Test, Wilcoxon,Rank-Sum Test,Statistics, Non Parametric,Test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov,Test, Mann-Whitney U,Test, Rank-Sum,Test, Wilcox,Test, Wilcoxon Rank,Tests, Rank-Sum,U Test, Mann-Whitney

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