Biomaterial Database

Leucocyte-endothelial adhesion molecules and their role in bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. 1993

S Montefort, and S T Holgate, and P H Howarth

Immunopharmacology Group, Southampton General Hospital, UK.

Leucocyte-endothelial adhesion molecules are involved in the initial stages of the recruitment and migration of inflammatory leucocytes from the circulation to sites of inflammation. There is accumulating evidence for their involvement in the pathophysiology of airway mucosal allergic inflammation, such as that found in asthma and rhinitis. The best characterized adhesion molecule families are the integrins, the immunoglobulin supergene family and the selectins. This review article describes some of the characteristics and properties of these families. We also discuss the situations in which these adhesion molecules might be involved in inflammatory airway diseases, and how evidence for this role might lead to future modes of therapy for these common conditions.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002448	Cell Adhesion	Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.	Adhesion, Cell,Adhesions, Cell,Cell Adhesions
D006255	Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal	Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition triggered by specific ALLERGENS.	Hay Fever,Pollen Allergy,Pollinosis,Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis,Hayfever,Allergic Rhinitides, Seasonal,Allergic Rhinitis, Seasonal,Allergies, Pollen,Allergy, Pollen,Fever, Hay,Pollen Allergies,Pollinoses,Rhinitides, Seasonal Allergic,Rhinitis, Seasonal Allergic,Seasonal Allergic Rhinitides
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001249	Asthma	A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	Asthma, Bronchial,Bronchial Asthma,Asthmas
D012221	Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial	Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens, particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc.	Rhinitis, Allergic, Nonseasonal
D015815	Cell Adhesion Molecules	Surface ligands, usually glycoproteins, that mediate cell-to-cell adhesion. Their functions include the assembly and interconnection of various vertebrate systems, as well as maintenance of tissue integration, wound healing, morphogenic movements, cellular migrations, and metastasis.	Cell Adhesion Molecule,Intercellular Adhesion Molecule,Intercellular Adhesion Molecules,Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule,Leukocyte Adhesion Molecules,Saccharide-Mediated Cell Adhesion Molecules,Saccharide Mediated Cell Adhesion Molecules,Adhesion Molecule, Cell,Adhesion Molecule, Intercellular,Adhesion Molecule, Leukocyte,Adhesion Molecules, Cell,Adhesion Molecules, Intercellular,Adhesion Molecules, Leukocyte,Molecule, Cell Adhesion,Molecule, Intercellular Adhesion,Molecule, Leukocyte Adhesion,Molecules, Cell Adhesion,Molecules, Intercellular Adhesion,Molecules, Leukocyte Adhesion
D016023	Integrins	A family of transmembrane glycoproteins (MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEINS) consisting of noncovalent heterodimers. They interact with a wide variety of ligands including EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS; COMPLEMENT, and other cells, while their intracellular domains interact with the CYTOSKELETON. The integrins consist of at least three identified families: the cytoadhesin receptors (RECEPTORS, CYTOADHESIN), the leukocyte adhesion receptors (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE ADHESION), and the VERY LATE ANTIGEN RECEPTORS. Each family contains a common beta-subunit (INTEGRIN BETA CHAINS) combined with one or more distinct alpha-subunits (INTEGRIN ALPHA CHAINS). These receptors participate in cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion in many physiologically important processes, including embryological development; HEMOSTASIS; THROMBOSIS; WOUND HEALING; immune and nonimmune defense mechanisms; and oncogenic transformation.	Integrin
D018799	Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1	A cell-surface ligand involved in leukocyte adhesion and inflammation. Its production is induced by gamma-interferon and it is required for neutrophil migration into inflamed tissue.	Antigens, CD54,CD54 Antigens,ICAM-1,CD54 Antigen,Antigen, CD54,Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1
D019010	Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1	Cytokine-induced cell adhesion molecule present on activated endothelial cells, tissue macrophages, dendritic cells, bone marrow fibroblasts, myoblasts, and myotubes. It is important for the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation. (From Pigott & Power, The Adhesion Molecule FactsBook, 1993, p154)	Antigens, CD106,CD106 Antigens,VCAM-1,CD106 Antigen,INCAM-110,Inducible Cell Adhesion Molecule 110,Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule,Antigen, CD106,Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1
D019041	L-Selectin	Cell adhesion molecule and CD antigen that serves as a homing receptor for lymphocytes to lymph node high endothelial venules.	Antigens, CD62L,CD62L Antigens,LECAM-1,CD62L Antigen,L Selectin,LAM-1,Leu-8 Antigen,Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule, LAM-1,Mel-14 Antigen,TQ1 Antigen,Antigen, CD62L,Antigen, Leu-8,Antigen, Mel-14,Antigen, TQ1,Leu 8 Antigen,Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule, LAM 1,Mel 14 Antigen,Selectin, L