Biomaterial Database

Antibiotic prophylaxis in orthopedic surgery. 1976

C W Norden

Antimicrobial prophylaxis, to reduce the incidence of postoperative infections, has been a controversial subject. The administration of antibiotics just prior to and up to 3 hours after operation has been demonstrated to be effective in preventing experimental staphylococcal wound infection in animals. However, the use of prophylactic antibiotics in orthopedic surgery has been tested in appropriate clinical trials only in the treatment of fractured hip. In that setting, prophylactic antibiotics were found to be efficacious. Although used extensively in other procedures such as total hip replacement, statistically valid evidence of the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics has not been produced. Suggestions are offered for the conduct of clinical trials to study this important question.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009254	Nafcillin	A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin.	Naphthamidopenicillin,Sodium Nafcillin,Nafcil,Nafcillin Sodium,Nafcillin, Monosodium Salt, Anhydrous,Nafcillin, Sodium,Sodium, Nafcillin
D009355	Neomycin	Aminoglycoside antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces fradiae. It is composed of neomycins A, B, and C, and acts by inhibiting translation during protein synthesis.	Fradiomycin Sulfate,Neomycin Palmitate,Neomycin Sulfate
D010406	Penicillins	A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nucleus is the chief structural requirement for biological activity. The side-chain structure determines many of the antibacterial and pharmacological characteristics. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1065)	Antibiotics, Penicillin,Penicillin,Penicillin Antibiotics
D011183	Postoperative Complications	Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	Complication, Postoperative,Complications, Postoperative,Postoperative Complication
D001847	Bone Diseases	Diseases of BONES.	Bone Disease,Disease, Bone,Diseases, Bone
D002509	Cephaloridine	A cephalosporin antibiotic.	Cefaloridine,Cephalomycine,Cephaloridin,Ceporin
D002986	Clinical Trials as Topic	Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.	Clinical Trial as Topic
D005597	Fractures, Open	Fractures in which there is an external wound communicating with the break of the bone.	Fractures, Compound,Compound Fracture,Compound Fractures,Fracture, Compound,Fracture, Open,Open Fracture,Open Fractures
D006615	Hip	The projecting part on each side of the body, formed by the side of the pelvis and the top portion of the femur.	Coxa,Coxas,Hips
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man