Although social phobia is a real pathological condition, it has often been neglected. In fact, social phobia is among the least studies of the major anxiety disorders. This is quite surprising, as approximately 2% of the population suffer from debilitating social phobia with devastating effects on career and quality of life, and as this disorder can now be considered as a treatable condition. After defining social phobia, the authors will describe the prevalence, clinical features and etiology of social phobia. Effective psychopharmacological and psychological treatments of social phobia will also be reviewed. The drugs that have been most studied are monoamine oxidase inhibitors and beta-blockers. Several controlled studies have also concluded that behavioral and cognitive therapies (exposure in vivo therapy, social skills training, cognitive restructuring) are beneficial for social phobics. The combination of psychopharmacotherapy and psychological interventions also seems promising. Finally, as it is necessary to distinguish among various subtypes of social phobia, further studies will have to investigate whether specific subtypes do better or worse with specific treatments.