Biomaterial Database

Preliminary in vitro investigation into the use of alkaline elution assay for the biomonitoring of humans exposed to genotoxic agents. 1995

T Leroy, and D Lison, and R Lauwerys

Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Medicine Unit, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.

1. This in vitro study was undertaken as a preliminary approach before assessing whether the alkaline elution assay can be applied to peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) for the monitoring of humans exposed to genotoxic agents such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). We have compared in vitro, with the aid of the alkaline elution assay, the formation and the repair of DNA single-strand breaks (ssb) induced by different genotoxic agents [gamma-irradiation, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), benzo<a>pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE)] on quiescent and PHA-stimulated human lymphocytes and on a fibroblast cell line. 2. Gamma-irradiation (4 Gy) induced an equivalent amount of DNA ssb in the three cell types. On the other hand, after treatment with EMS (10 mM) and BPDE (50 microM), a higher production of DNA ssb was observed in replicating cells (PHA-stimulated lymphocytes and fibroblasts) when compared with quiescent lymphocytes. 3. After gamma-irradiation, all cell types repaired more than 65% of ssb within 1 h. After treatment with EMS, we noted a deficient DNA repair capacity in quiescent lymphocytes in comparison with replicating cells. In all cell types treated with BPDE, more breaks were observed after a 2 h repair period than immediately after treatment, demonstrating the involvement of a slow repair mechanism after BPDE treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008214	Lymphocytes	White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.	Lymphoid Cells,Cell, Lymphoid,Cells, Lymphoid,Lymphocyte,Lymphoid Cell
D002478	Cells, Cultured	Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.	Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D004247	DNA	A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).	DNA, Double-Stranded,Deoxyribonucleic Acid,ds-DNA,DNA, Double Stranded,Double-Stranded DNA,ds DNA
D005347	Fibroblasts	Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.	Fibroblast
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000468	Alkalies	Usually a hydroxide of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium or cesium, but also the carbonates of these metals, ammonia, and the amines. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Alkali,Alkalis
D015123	7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide	7,8,8a,9a-Tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. A benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity.	7,8-Dihydroxy-9,10-Epoxy-7,8,9,10-Tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene,Benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-Dihydrodiol 9,10-Epoxide,7,8-BaP-9,10-Diol Epoxide,Anti-BaPDE,BPDE,Benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-diol 9,10-Epoxide,Anti BaPDE