Biomaterial Database

Intradermal study of a new local anaesthetic agent aptocaine. 1976

F Reynolds, and T H Bryson, and A D Nicholas

In a double-blind trial in 28 human volunteers, a new local anaesthetic agent, aptocaine, was compared intradermally at 1, 2 and 3% concentrations with lignocaine 2% and bupivacaine 0.5%. In a second trial in 27 subjects, 1% aptocaine was compared with mepivacaine and prilocaine, both 1, 2 and 3%. In terms of activity as determined by area of anaesthesia, and of duration of action, aptocaine was similar to mepivacaine and more active and long-lasting than lignocaine and prilocaine. By this route aptocaine also appeared longer-lasting than bupivacaine. Duration of action was unaffected by concentration. Aptocaine had marked vasoconstrictor activity, which was maximal at 1%. These local anaesthetic properties suggest that aptocaine merits clinical trials, especially in dentistry.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007271	Injections, Intradermal	The forcing into the skin of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle, piercing the top skin layer.	Intradermal Injections,Injection, Intradermal,Intradermal Injection
D008012	Lidocaine	A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.	Lignocaine,2-(Diethylamino)-N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)Acetamide,2-2EtN-2MePhAcN,Dalcaine,Lidocaine Carbonate,Lidocaine Carbonate (2:1),Lidocaine Hydrocarbonate,Lidocaine Hydrochloride,Lidocaine Monoacetate,Lidocaine Monohydrochloride,Lidocaine Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate,Lidocaine Sulfate (1:1),Octocaine,Xylesthesin,Xylocaine,Xylocitin,Xyloneural
D008297	Male		Males
D008619	Mepivacaine	A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168)	Carbocaine,Carbocaïne,Isocaine,Isogaine,Meaverin,Mecain,Mepihexal,Mepivacain-Injektopas,Mepivacaina Braun,Mepivacaine Hydrochloride,Mepivacaine Monohydrochloride,Mepivastesin,Polocaine,Scandicain,Scandicaine,Scandinibsa,Scandonest,Mepivacain Injektopas
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D011318	Prilocaine	A local anesthetic that is similar pharmacologically to LIDOCAINE. Currently, it is used most often for infiltration anesthesia in dentistry.	Propitocaine,Citanest,Citanest Octapressin,Prilocaine Hydrochloride,Xylonest
D011759	Pyrrolidines	Compounds also known as tetrahydropyridines with general molecular formula (CH2)4NH.	Tetrahydropyridine,Tetrahydropyridines
D001808	Blood Vessels	Any of the tubular vessels conveying the blood (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins).	Blood Vessel,Vessel, Blood,Vessels, Blood
D002045	Bupivacaine	A widely used local anesthetic agent.	1-Butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-piperidinecarboxamide,Bupivacain Janapharm,Bupivacain-RPR,Bupivacaina Braun,Bupivacaine Anhydrous,Bupivacaine Carbonate,Bupivacaine Hydrochloride,Bupivacaine Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate,Buvacaina,Carbostesin,Dolanaest,Marcain,Marcaine,Sensorcaine,Svedocain Sin Vasoconstr,Bupivacain RPR
D002986	Clinical Trials as Topic	Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.	Clinical Trial as Topic