Biomaterial Database

Aminophylline versus caffeine citrate for apnea and bradycardia prophylaxis in premature neonates. 1995

P B Larsen, and L Brendstrup, and L Skov, and H Flachs

Department of Neonatology, National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

We investigated the efficacy and adverse effects of aminophylline and caffeine citrate in 180 premature neonates for 10 days and nights. Aminophylline (n = 98) and caffeine citrate (n = 82) were equally effective in preventing apnea and bradycardia. The caffeine citrate group had a lower median heart rate on day 3, fewer neonates with tachycardia and a smaller amount of gastric aspirate on day 7. The need for mononasal continuous positive airway pressure and respirator therapy was similar in both groups. We conclude that caffeine citrate is the drug of choice for apnea and bradycardia prophylaxis in premature neonates with a gestational age < or = 33 full weeks.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007235	Infant, Premature, Diseases	Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS.
D001919	Bradycardia	Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.	Bradyarrhythmia,Bradyarrhythmias,Bradycardias
D002110	Caffeine	A methylxanthine naturally occurring in some beverages and also used as a pharmacological agent. Caffeine's most notable pharmacological effect is as a central nervous system stimulant, increasing alertness and producing agitation. It also relaxes SMOOTH MUSCLE, stimulates CARDIAC MUSCLE, stimulates DIURESIS, and appears to be useful in the treatment of some types of headache. Several cellular actions of caffeine have been observed, but it is not entirely clear how each contributes to its pharmacological profile. Among the most important are inhibition of cyclic nucleotide PHOSPHODIESTERASES, antagonism of ADENOSINE RECEPTORS, and modulation of intracellular calcium handling.	1,3,7-Trimethylxanthine,Caffedrine,Coffeinum N,Coffeinum Purrum,Dexitac,Durvitan,No Doz,Percoffedrinol N,Percutaféine,Quick-Pep,Vivarin,Quick Pep,QuickPep
D002951	Citrates	Derivatives of CITRIC ACID.
D004338	Drug Combinations	Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture.	Drug Combination,Combination, Drug,Combinations, Drug
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001049	Apnea	A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.	Apneas
D013806	Theophylline	A methyl xanthine derivative from tea with diuretic, smooth muscle relaxant, bronchial dilation, cardiac and central nervous system stimulant activities. Theophylline inhibits the 3',5'-CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE that degrades CYCLIC AMP thus potentiates the actions of agents that act through ADENYLYL CYCLASES and cyclic AMP.	1,3-Dimethylxanthine,3,7-Dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione,Accurbron,Aerobin,Aerolate,Afonilum Retard,Aquaphyllin,Armophylline,Bronchoparat,Bronkodyl,Constant-T,Elixophyllin,Euphylong,Glycine Theophyllinate,Lodrane,Monospan,Nuelin,Nuelin S.A.,Quibron T-SR,Slo-Phyllin,Somophyllin-T,Sustaire,Synophylate,Theo Von Ct,Theo-24,Theo-Dur,Theobid,Theocin,Theoconfin Continuous,Theodur,Theolair,Theolix,Theon,Theonite,Theopek,Theophylline Anhydrous,Theophylline Sodium Glycinate,Theospan,Theostat,Theovent,Uniphyl,Uniphyllin,Uniphylline,1,3 Dimethylxanthine,Anhydrous, Theophylline,Constant T,ConstantT,Ct, Theo Von,Glycinate, Theophylline Sodium,Quibron T SR,Quibron TSR,Slo Phyllin,SloPhyllin,Sodium Glycinate, Theophylline,Somophyllin T,SomophyllinT,Theo 24,Theo Dur,Theo24,Theophyllinate, Glycine,Von Ct, Theo