Morphological factors influencing transepithelial conductance in a rabbit model of ileitis. 1995

C S Hyun, and C W Chen, and N L Shinowara, and T Palaia, and F S Fallick, and L A Martello, and M Mueenuddin, and V M Donovan, and S Teichberg
Division of Gastroenterology, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA.

OBJECTIVE Infection of rabbits with coccidia (Eimeria magna) causes chronic ileal inflammation and diarrhea. Inflamed ileum also shows decreased transmural conductance. The aim of this study was to characterize morphological factors known to affect paracellular permeability that may alter transmural conductance in inflamed ileum. METHODS Ileal mucosa was mounted in Ussing chambers for study of [3H]mannitol and [3H]inulin fluxes. Light and electron microscopy were used for morphometric studies. Alterations in the zonula occludens of epithelial cells were evaluated in freeze-fracture replicas. RESULTS Inflamed ileum showed diminished paracellular fluxes. Inoculated rabbits showed marked lymphoplasmocytic infiltration and villus blunting in ileum. Villus linear junctional density was unaffected. However, total villus apical surface area per square centimeter of tissue was reduced in inflamed ileum, causing a diminished total villus linear junctional pathway per square centimeter of apical surface. Villus zonula occludens strand number was reduced in inflamed ileum, whereas the frequency of both villus and crypt lateral surface extrajunctional strands increased. CONCLUSIONS Chronic inflammation exerts a profound effect on ileal paracellular permeability. Morphological data suggest that this effect may be caused in part by alterations in inflamed ileal mucosal structure and tight junctional organization and density, particularly on villi.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007079 Ileitis Inflammation of any segment of the ILEUM and the ILEOCECAL VALVE.
D007082 Ileum The distal and narrowest portion of the SMALL INTESTINE, between the JEJUNUM and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE.
D007365 Intercellular Junctions Direct contact of a cell with a neighboring cell. Most such junctions are too small to be resolved by light microscopy, but they can be visualized by conventional or freeze-fracture electron microscopy, both of which show that the interacting CELL MEMBRANE and often the underlying CYTOPLASM and the intervening EXTRACELLULAR SPACE are highly specialized in these regions. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p792) Cell Junctions,Cell Junction,Intercellular Junction,Junction, Cell,Junction, Intercellular,Junctions, Cell,Junctions, Intercellular
D007413 Intestinal Mucosa Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI. Intestinal Epithelium,Intestinal Glands,Epithelium, Intestinal,Gland, Intestinal,Glands, Intestinal,Intestinal Gland,Mucosa, Intestinal
D007444 Inulin A starch found in the tubers and roots of many plants. Since it is hydrolyzable to FRUCTOSE, it is classified as a fructosan. It has been used in physiologic investigation for determination of the rate of glomerular function.
D008297 Male Males
D008353 Mannitol A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity. (L)-Mannitol,Osmitrol,Osmofundin
D008854 Microscopy, Electron Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen. Electron Microscopy
D011817 Rabbits A burrowing plant-eating mammal with hind limbs that are longer than its fore limbs. It belongs to the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, and in contrast to hares, possesses 22 instead of 24 pairs of chromosomes. Belgian Hare,New Zealand Rabbit,New Zealand Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbit,Rabbit,Rabbit, Domestic,Chinchilla Rabbits,NZW Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbits,Oryctolagus cuniculus,Chinchilla Rabbit,Domestic Rabbit,Domestic Rabbits,Hare, Belgian,NZW Rabbit,Rabbit, Chinchilla,Rabbit, NZW,Rabbit, New Zealand,Rabbits, Chinchilla,Rabbits, Domestic,Rabbits, NZW,Rabbits, New Zealand,Zealand Rabbit, New,Zealand Rabbits, New,cuniculus, Oryctolagus
D002463 Cell Membrane Permeability A quality of cell membranes which permits the passage of solvents and solutes into and out of cells. Permeability, Cell Membrane

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