Radical mechanisms of cephalosporins: a pulse radiolysis study. 1995

A S Crucq, and B L Tilquin, and B Hickel
Unité d'Analyse Chimique et Physico-Chimique des Médicaments, Université Catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgique.

Radiosterilization induces radicals, and it is very important to describe radical mechanisms before the possible use of cephalosporins gamma sterilization. Moreover, physiological or radiotherapeutically induced free radicals also initiate radical mechanisms. For this study, pulse radiolysis was used. This method permits to avoid in vivo direct study difficulties of bioradical processes and gives quantitative data. Reactions of solvated electron (eaq-), hydroxyl radical (.OH), azide radical (N3.), dibromine radical anions (Br2.-), oxygen, and superoxide radical (O2.-) with three cephalosporins have been studied. Absorption spectra and rate constants have been determined. It has been found that both eaq- and .OH quickly react (k congruent to 10(10) mol-1 L s-1) with the molecules to give radicals with similar absorption spectra. N3. gives an absorption spectra that has been attributed to an electron transfer, whereas a part of .OH and Br2.- could add themselves to an unsaturated bond.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D010100 Oxygen An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D011675 Pulse Radiolysis Use of a pulse of X-rays or fast electrons to generate free radicals for spectroscopic examination. Radiolysis, Pulse
D001966 Bromine A halogen with the atomic symbol Br, atomic number 35, and atomic weight 79.904. It is a volatile reddish-brown liquid that gives off suffocating vapors, is corrosive to the skin, and may cause severe gastroenteritis if ingested. Bromine-79,Bromine 79
D002439 Cefotaxime Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin. Benaxima,Biosint,Cefotaxim,Cefotaxime Sodium,Cefradil,Cephotaxim,Claforan,Fotexina,HR-756,Kendrick,Klaforan,Primafen,Ru-24756,Taporin,HR 756,HR756,Ru 24756,Ru24756,Sodium, Cefotaxime
D002442 Ceftazidime Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibacterial derived from CEPHALORIDINE and used especially for Pseudomonas and other gram-negative infections in debilitated patients. Ceftazidime Anhydrous,Ceftazidime Pentahydrate,Fortaz,Fortum,GR-20263,LY-139381,Pyridinium, 1-((7-(((2-amino-4-thiazolyl)((1-carboxy-1-methylethoxy)imino)acetyl)amino)-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-en-3-yl)methyl)-, inner salt, pentahydrate, (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-,Tazidime,GR 20263,GR20263,LY 139381,LY139381
D002444 Cefuroxime Broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase. It has been proposed for infections with gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, GONORRHEA, and HAEMOPHILUS. Cephuroxime,Ketocef,Zinacef
D002511 Cephalosporins A group of broad-spectrum antibiotics first isolated from the Mediterranean fungus ACREMONIUM. They contain the beta-lactam moiety thia-azabicyclo-octenecarboxylic acid also called 7-aminocephalosporanic acid. Antibiotics, Cephalosporin,Cephalosporanic Acid,Cephalosporin,Cephalosporin Antibiotic,Cephalosporanic Acids,Acid, Cephalosporanic,Acids, Cephalosporanic,Antibiotic, Cephalosporin,Cephalosporin Antibiotics
D005609 Free Radicals Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. Free radicals include reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated. Free Radical
D001386 Azides Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group. Azide

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