Pentamidine congeners. 2. 2-butene-bridged aromatic diamidines and diimidazolines as potential anti-Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia agents. 1994

I O Donkor, and R R Tidwell, and S K Jones
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.

We have synthesized cis and trans geometric isomers 1-8 as semirigid congeners of pentamidine. Compounds 1-4 were more potent than pentamidine in treating Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunosuppressed rats. These compounds also demonstrated no clinical toxicity or histopathologic abnormalities. Introduction of methoxy substituents meta to the amidine or imidazoline groups of the phenyl rings as in compounds 5-8 generally resulted in compounds with decreased anti-P. carinii activity and increased toxicity to the host. Compounds 1-4 were evaluated as DNA binders. These compounds showed greater affinity for poly(dA).poly(dT) than for calf thymus DNA. The cis isomers, 1 and 2, demonstrated greater affinity for DNA than their trans counterparts 3 and 4. This difference in DNA binding affinity, however, did not reflect in a corresponding difference in the anti-P. carinii activity of these compounds.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010419 Pentamidine Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects. Pentamidine Isethionate,Diamidine,Lomidine,NebuPent,Pentacarinat,Pentam,Pentamidin,Pentamidine Mesylate
D011020 Pneumonia, Pneumocystis A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants, characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS. It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species of Pneumocystis. P carinii Pneumonia,P. carinii Pneumonia,P. jirovecii Pneumonia,PCP Pneumonia,Pneumocystis Pneumonia,Pneumocystosis,Pneumonia, Interstitial Plasma Cell,PCP Infection,Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia,Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia,Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii,Infection, PCP,P carinii Pneumonias,P. carinii Pneumonias,P. jirovecii Pneumonias,PCP Infections,PCP Pneumonias,Pneumocystis Pneumonias,Pneumocystoses,Pneumonia, P carinii,Pneumonia, P. carinii,Pneumonia, P. jirovecii,Pneumonia, PCP,Pneumonia, Pneumocystis jirovecii,Pneumonias, PCP
D004247 DNA A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine). DNA, Double-Stranded,Deoxyribonucleic Acid,ds-DNA,DNA, Double Stranded,Double-Stranded DNA,ds DNA
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013329 Structure-Activity Relationship The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups. Relationship, Structure-Activity,Relationships, Structure-Activity,Structure Activity Relationship,Structure-Activity Relationships
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

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