Biomaterial Database

Pedicled osseous flaps. 1994

A G Lane, and C S Johnson, and P D Costantino

Wilford Hall United States Air Force Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, Texas.

Craniofacial skeletal defects are most optimally reconstructed with vascularized autogenous bone. There are two methods of achieving such a vascularized osseous reconstruction: microvascular bone transfers and pedicled osseous flaps. Although microvascular composite grafts allow a greater quantity and variety of bone to be moved to the reconstructive site, pedicled osseous flaps remain an excellent reconstructive option. Pedicled osseous flaps are not technically complex, result in minimal donor site morbidity, and demonstrate acceptable reliability in selected cases. This article reviews the realm of pedicled osseous flaps that can be used in craniofacial reconstruction. Although infrequently employed, these useful flaps should remain in the armamentarium of the head and neck surgeon.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008334	Mandible	The largest and strongest bone of the FACE constituting the lower jaw. It supports the lower teeth.	Mylohyoid Groove,Mylohyoid Ridge,Groove, Mylohyoid,Grooves, Mylohyoid,Mandibles,Mylohyoid Grooves,Mylohyoid Ridges,Ridge, Mylohyoid,Ridges, Mylohyoid
D008437	Maxilla	One of a pair of irregularly shaped bones that form the upper jaw. A maxillary bone provides tooth sockets for the superior teeth, forms part of the ORBIT, and contains the MAXILLARY SINUS.	Maxillae,Maxillary Bone,Bone, Maxillary,Bones, Maxillary,Maxillary Bones,Maxillas
D010369	Pectoralis Muscles	The pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles that make up the upper and fore part of the chest in front of the AXILLA.	Pectoralis Major,Pectoralis Major Muscle,Pectoralis Minor,Pectoralis Minor Muscle,Pectoral Muscle,Muscle, Pectoral,Muscle, Pectoralis,Muscle, Pectoralis Major,Muscle, Pectoralis Minor,Muscles, Pectoralis Major,Pectoral Muscles,Pectoralis Major Muscles,Pectoralis Majors,Pectoralis Minor Muscles,Pectoralis Minors,Pectoralis Muscle
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013518	Surgery, Plastic	The branch of surgery concerned with restoration, reconstruction, or improvement of defective, damaged, or missing structures.	Cosmetic Surgery,Esthetic Surgery,Plastic Surgery,Surgery, Cosmetic,Surgery, Esthetic,Reconstructive Surgery,Surgery, Reconstructive
D013524	Surgical Flaps	Tongues of skin and subcutaneous tissue, sometimes including muscle, cut away from the underlying parts but often still attached at one end. They retain their own microvasculature which is also transferred to the new site. They are often used in plastic surgery for filling a defect in a neighboring region.	Island Flap,Island Flaps,Flap, Surgical,Flaps, Surgical,Pedicled Flap,Surgical Flap,Flap, Island,Flap, Pedicled,Flaps, Island,Flaps, Pedicled,Pedicled Flaps
D015050	Zygoma	Either of a pair of bones that form the prominent part of the CHEEK and contribute to the ORBIT on each side of the SKULL.	Cheek Bone,Jugal Bone,Malar Bone,Zygomatic Arch,Arches, Zygomatic,Zygomatic Arches,Arch, Zygomatic,Bone, Cheek,Bone, Jugal,Bone, Malar,Bones, Cheek,Bones, Jugal,Bones, Malar,Cheek Bones,Jugal Bones,Malar Bones,Zygomas