Biomaterial Database

Expression of GAP43 mRNA in normally developing and transplanted neurons from the rat ventral mesencephalon. 1994

G H Clayton, and T J Mahalik, and T E Finger

Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262.

These experiments were designed to determine whether the neuronal growth-related protein GAP43 is expressed at high levels by neurons that collateralize extensively or have long periods of synaptogenesis. We also evaluated the effects of target availability on GAP43 expression. Dopaminergic neurons of the rat ventral mesencephalon (VM) were chosen for investigation because they undergo extensive collateralization and synaptogenesis during postnatal development. Double label in situ hybridization histochemistry (ISHH) and immunocytochemistry (ICC) were used to measure changes in GAP43 mRNA levels within tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive and -nonimmunoreactive neurons of the VM during postnatal development (p5-adult). TH neurons show higher levels of GAP43 mRNA than do non-TH neurons throughout normal postnatal development and in the adult. This result may be due to more extensive axonal arborization and synaptic remodeling on the part of TH neurons as they innervate the striatum. To test the effects of target availability on GAP43 utilization, grafts of embryonic (e15) VM were placed within previously 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned striata and allowed to develop for 10-28 days. Levels of GAP43 mRNA in grafted TH neurons were reduced at all time points. The short distance to target in the graft paradigm may shorten the overall axonal process length, resulting in lower requirements for growth-related proteins such as GAP43. However, grafted non-TH neurons had elevated levels of GAP43 mRNA, perhaps attributable to prolonged target seeking by neurons that have been isolated from their normal targets.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008562	Membrane Glycoproteins	Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.	Cell Surface Glycoproteins,Surface Glycoproteins,Cell Surface Glycoprotein,Membrane Glycoprotein,Surface Glycoprotein,Glycoprotein, Cell Surface,Glycoprotein, Membrane,Glycoprotein, Surface,Glycoproteins, Cell Surface,Glycoproteins, Membrane,Glycoproteins, Surface,Surface Glycoprotein, Cell,Surface Glycoproteins, Cell
D008636	Mesencephalon	The middle of the three primitive cerebral vesicles of the embryonic brain. Without further subdivision, midbrain develops into a short, constricted portion connecting the PONS and the DIENCEPHALON. Midbrain contains two major parts, the dorsal TECTUM MESENCEPHALI and the ventral TEGMENTUM MESENCEPHALI, housing components of auditory, visual, and other sensorimoter systems.	Midbrain,Mesencephalons,Midbrains
D009419	Nerve Tissue Proteins		Proteins, Nerve Tissue,Tissue Proteins, Nerve
D009474	Neurons	The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D012016	Reference Values	The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.	Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D006133	Growth Substances	Signal molecules that are involved in the control of cell growth and differentiation.	Mitogens, Endogenous,Endogenous Mitogens
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012333	RNA, Messenger	RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.	Messenger RNA,Messenger RNA, Polyadenylated,Poly(A) Tail,Poly(A)+ RNA,Poly(A)+ mRNA,RNA, Messenger, Polyadenylated,RNA, Polyadenylated,mRNA,mRNA, Non-Polyadenylated,mRNA, Polyadenylated,Non-Polyadenylated mRNA,Poly(A) RNA,Polyadenylated mRNA,Non Polyadenylated mRNA,Polyadenylated Messenger RNA,Polyadenylated RNA,RNA, Polyadenylated Messenger,mRNA, Non Polyadenylated
D014446	Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase	An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine, tetrahydrobiopterin, and oxygen to 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, dihydrobiopterin, and water. EC 1.14.16.2.	Tyrosine Hydroxylase,3-Monooxygenase, Tyrosine,Hydroxylase, Tyrosine,Tyrosine 3 Monooxygenase
D016380	Brain Tissue Transplantation	Transference of brain tissue, either from a fetus or from a born individual, between individuals of the same species or between individuals of different species.	Grafting, Brain Tissue,Transplantation, Brain Tissue,Brain Tissue Grafting,Brain Tissue Graftings,Brain Tissue Transplantations,Graftings, Brain Tissue,Tissue Grafting, Brain,Tissue Graftings, Brain,Tissue Transplantation, Brain,Tissue Transplantations, Brain,Transplantations, Brain Tissue