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During each week of 1974, we surveyed, for illnesses and deaths, a continually changing population of yearling feedlot cattle that, for the year, totaled 407,000 animals. About 5.1% of the cattle sickened and, of these, 18.9% died. From the 3,943 fatalities, 1,988 necropsies were made. About 75% of the clinical diagnoses and 64% of the necropsy diagnoses were respiratory tract diseases; of the fatalities from respiratory tract diseases, 75% were attributed to shipping fever pneumonia. Nearly 72% of fatal cases of shipping fever pneumonia occurred during the first 45 days on feed. In the lungs of most cattle with shipping fever pneumonia, bronchiolitis, fibrinous exudate, colonies of microorganisms, lymphatic clots, intravascular clots, thromboses, and foci of necrosis were found. Pasteurella spp, Mycoplasma spp, and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus were isolated from pneumonic tissues. It was hypothesized that pathogenic Pasteurella spp and other microorganisms in nasal secretions transfer from the nasopharynx into the lungs by draining along the tracheal floor into ventral bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli, and that pasteurella endotoxin, formed in infected lobules, thromboses and occludes lymphatics, capillaries, and veins and thereby causes ischemic necrosis.
R Jensen, and
R E Pierson, and
P M Braddy, and
D A Saari, and
L H Lauerman, and
J J England, and
H Keyvanfar, and
J R Collier, and
D P Horton, and
A E McChesney, and
A Benitez, and
R M Christie
August 1988,
The Veterinary record,
R Jensen, and
R E Pierson, and
P M Braddy, and
D A Saari, and
L H Lauerman, and
J J England, and
H Keyvanfar, and
J R Collier, and
D P Horton, and
A E McChesney, and
A Benitez, and
R M Christie
September 1953,
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,
R Jensen, and
R E Pierson, and
P M Braddy, and
D A Saari, and
L H Lauerman, and
J J England, and
H Keyvanfar, and
J R Collier, and
D P Horton, and
A E McChesney, and
A Benitez, and
R M Christie
February 1977,
The Veterinary record,
R Jensen, and
R E Pierson, and
P M Braddy, and
D A Saari, and
L H Lauerman, and
J J England, and
H Keyvanfar, and
J R Collier, and
D P Horton, and
A E McChesney, and
A Benitez, and
R M Christie
July 1985,
The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice,
R Jensen, and
R E Pierson, and
P M Braddy, and
D A Saari, and
L H Lauerman, and
J J England, and
H Keyvanfar, and
J R Collier, and
D P Horton, and
A E McChesney, and
A Benitez, and
R M Christie
May 1969,
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,
R Jensen, and
R E Pierson, and
P M Braddy, and
D A Saari, and
L H Lauerman, and
J J England, and
H Keyvanfar, and
J R Collier, and
D P Horton, and
A E McChesney, and
A Benitez, and
R M Christie
December 1995,
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne,
R Jensen, and
R E Pierson, and
P M Braddy, and
D A Saari, and
L H Lauerman, and
J J England, and
H Keyvanfar, and
J R Collier, and
D P Horton, and
A E McChesney, and
A Benitez, and
R M Christie
January 1964,
The Cornell veterinarian,
R Jensen, and
R E Pierson, and
P M Braddy, and
D A Saari, and
L H Lauerman, and
J J England, and
H Keyvanfar, and
J R Collier, and
D P Horton, and
A E McChesney, and
A Benitez, and
R M Christie
September 1953,
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,
R Jensen, and
R E Pierson, and
P M Braddy, and
D A Saari, and
L H Lauerman, and
J J England, and
H Keyvanfar, and
J R Collier, and
D P Horton, and
A E McChesney, and
A Benitez, and
R M Christie
July 1952,
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,
R Jensen, and
R E Pierson, and
P M Braddy, and
D A Saari, and
L H Lauerman, and
J J England, and
H Keyvanfar, and
J R Collier, and
D P Horton, and
A E McChesney, and
A Benitez, and
R M Christie
November 1964,
American journal of veterinary research,
