Increased rates of tRNA charging through modification of the enzyme-aminoacyl-adenylate complex of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. 1995

M Ibba, and C M Johnson, and H Hennecke, and A R Fersht
Mikrobiologisches Institut, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, ETH Zentrum, Zürich, Switzerland.

The transfer of amino acid to tRNA by Escherichia coli phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) was studied using replacements of Ala294 in the alpha subunit previously shown to have modified amino acid specificity. Steady-state analysis of tRNA charging showed little difference between wild-type and mutants, whereas pre-steady-state analysis revealed higher rates of tRNA charging by both the A294S PheRS-phenylalanyl adenylate and the A294G PheRS-p-Cl-phenylalanyl adenylate. The decrease in energy required for the formation of the transition state of amino acid transfer in these mutants could be related to a weaker binding of the amino acid in the aminoacyl adenylate complex. Thus a compromise appears to exist between amino acid activation and tRNA charging, because slowing down the first step increases the rate of the second step, possibly as a result of decreased stability of the PheRS.amino acid-AMP complex.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D010652 Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase An enzyme that activates phenylalanine with its specific transfer RNA. EC 6.1.1.20. Phenylalanyl T RNA Synthetase,Phe-tRNA Ligase,Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase,Ligase, Phe-tRNA,Ligase, Phenylalanine-tRNA,Phe tRNA Ligase,Phenylalanine tRNA Ligase,Phenylalanyl tRNA Synthetase,Synthetase, Phenylalanyl-tRNA
D000249 Adenosine Monophosphate Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. AMP,Adenylic Acid,2'-AMP,2'-Adenosine Monophosphate,2'-Adenylic Acid,5'-Adenylic Acid,Adenosine 2'-Phosphate,Adenosine 3'-Phosphate,Adenosine 5'-Phosphate,Adenosine Phosphate Dipotassium,Adenosine Phosphate Disodium,Phosphaden,2' Adenosine Monophosphate,2' Adenylic Acid,5' Adenylic Acid,5'-Phosphate, Adenosine,Acid, 2'-Adenylic,Acid, 5'-Adenylic,Adenosine 2' Phosphate,Adenosine 3' Phosphate,Adenosine 5' Phosphate,Dipotassium, Adenosine Phosphate,Disodium, Adenosine Phosphate,Monophosphate, 2'-Adenosine,Phosphate Dipotassium, Adenosine,Phosphate Disodium, Adenosine
D012343 RNA, Transfer The small RNA molecules, 73-80 nucleotides long, that function during translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC) to align AMINO ACIDS at the RIBOSOMES in a sequence determined by the mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). There are about 30 different transfer RNAs. Each recognizes a specific CODON set on the mRNA through its own ANTICODON and as aminoacyl tRNAs (RNA, TRANSFER, AMINO ACYL), each carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome to add to the elongating peptide chains. Suppressor Transfer RNA,Transfer RNA,tRNA,RNA, Transfer, Suppressor,Transfer RNA, Suppressor,RNA, Suppressor Transfer

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