Modulation of nonspecific antimicrobial resistance of mice to Klebsiella pneumoniae septicemia by liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine and interferon-gamma alone or combined. 1995

T L ten Hagen, and W van Vianen, and I A Bakker-Woudenberg
Department of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Therapy, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Activation of the host defense system in a nonspecific way might provide tools to support failing antibiotic treatment in certain infectious diseases. The antimicrobial effect was investigated of liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTPPE) and interferon (IFN)-gamma and liposome-coencapsulated MTPPE and IFN-gamma on Klebsiella pneumoniae septicemia in mice. Prophylactic treatment of mice with five doses of liposomal MTPPE or IFN-gamma increased survival from 0 to 65%. Administration of MTPPE and IFN-gamma coencapsulated in liposome resulted in 100% survival. In vitro, peritoneal macrophages by themselves were stimulated by these agents but were unable to kill K. pneumoniae. However, production of both oxygen and nitrogen intermediates increased when immunomodulators were added to macrophages. These results indicate that effective prophylactic treatment of septicemia due to K. pneumoniae with coencapsulated MTPPE and IFN-gamma is not solely due to activation of the resident macrophages.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007371 Interferon-gamma The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Interferon Type II,Interferon, Immune,gamma-Interferon,Interferon, gamma,Type II Interferon,Immune Interferon,Interferon, Type II
D007710 Klebsiella Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus KLEBSIELLA. Infections, Klebsiella,Infection, Klebsiella,Klebsiella Infection
D007711 Klebsiella pneumoniae Gram-negative, non-motile, capsulated, gas-producing rods found widely in nature and associated with urinary and respiratory infections in humans. Bacillus pneumoniae,Bacterium pneumoniae crouposae,Hyalococcus pneumoniae,Klebsiella pneumoniae aerogenes,Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis
D008081 Liposomes Artificial, single or multilaminar vesicles (made from lecithins or other lipids) that are used for the delivery of a variety of biological molecules or molecular complexes to cells, for example, drug delivery and gene transfer. They are also used to study membranes and membrane proteins. Niosomes,Transferosomes,Ultradeformable Liposomes,Liposomes, Ultra-deformable,Liposome,Liposome, Ultra-deformable,Liposome, Ultradeformable,Liposomes, Ultra deformable,Liposomes, Ultradeformable,Niosome,Transferosome,Ultra-deformable Liposome,Ultra-deformable Liposomes,Ultradeformable Liposome
D008810 Mice, Inbred C57BL One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases. Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D010714 Phosphatidylethanolamines Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to an ethanolamine moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and ethanolamine and 2 moles of fatty acids. Cephalin,Cephalins,Ethanolamine Phosphoglyceride,Ethanolamine Phosphoglycerides,Ethanolamineglycerophospholipids,Phosphoglyceride, Ethanolamine,Phosphoglycerides, Ethanolamine
D002478 Cells, Cultured Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D004337 Drug Carriers Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers. Drug Carrier
D004338 Drug Combinations Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture. Drug Combination,Combination, Drug,Combinations, Drug
D004339 Drug Compounding The preparation, mixing, and assembly of a drug. (From Remington, The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th ed, p1814). Drug Formulation,Drug Preparation,Drug Microencapsulation,Pharmaceutical Formulation,Compounding, Drug,Formulation, Drug,Formulation, Pharmaceutical,Microencapsulation, Drug,Preparation, Drug

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