Biomaterial Database

Examination of poultry litter for Salmonellae by direct culture and fluorescent antibody technique. 1976

C F Smyser, and G H Snoeyenbos

Direct culture and fluorescent antibody (FA) procedures were used for examining approximately 6200 samples of poultry floor or nest litter for salmonellae. Each sample was cultured directly in tetrathionate brilliant-green (TBG) broth, incubated at 42 C for 48 hours, and plated on brilliant green (BG) agar. The FA procedure was conducted from pools of 4-8 samples prepared by transferring 1 ml supernatant from TBG at 24 hr into 50 ml of either gram-negative (GN) broth, selenite cystine, or selenite brilliant-green sulfapyridine. After 6 hr of incubation at 42 C, BG agar plates were streaked from each pool, and smears were prepared for FA. Salmonella was isolated by plating from 268 of 854 pooled units. Recovery was 97% by direct culture, 86% from GN broth, and 57% from the selenite secondary enrichments. In the FA procedure, GN broth was superior to either of the selenites as the secondary medium from which to prepare smears, giving more FA-positive pools, a higher percentage of confirmed positives, and a lower percentage of false negative pools. FA examination of litter samples can be expedited by using sample pools. A major deficiency of the FA technique was the high percentage of false-positive reactions as judged by inability to isolate salmonellae. From litter cultured directly in TBG, salmonellae were isolated from 97% of the total number of pools culturally positive by combined culture methods.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002645	Chickens	Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.	Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D003470	Culture Media	Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.	Media, Culture
D005455	Fluorescent Antibody Technique	Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.	Antinuclear Antibody Test, Fluorescent,Coon's Technique,Fluorescent Antinuclear Antibody Test,Fluorescent Protein Tracing,Immunofluorescence Technique,Coon's Technic,Fluorescent Antibody Technic,Immunofluorescence,Immunofluorescence Technic,Antibody Technic, Fluorescent,Antibody Technics, Fluorescent,Antibody Technique, Fluorescent,Antibody Techniques, Fluorescent,Coon Technic,Coon Technique,Coons Technic,Coons Technique,Fluorescent Antibody Technics,Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,Fluorescent Protein Tracings,Immunofluorescence Technics,Immunofluorescence Techniques,Protein Tracing, Fluorescent,Protein Tracings, Fluorescent,Technic, Coon's,Technic, Fluorescent Antibody,Technic, Immunofluorescence,Technics, Fluorescent Antibody,Technics, Immunofluorescence,Technique, Coon's,Technique, Fluorescent Antibody,Technique, Immunofluorescence,Techniques, Fluorescent Antibody,Techniques, Immunofluorescence,Tracing, Fluorescent Protein,Tracings, Fluorescent Protein
D006799	Housing, Animal	The physical environment in which animals are maintained.	Animal Housing
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012475	Salmonella	A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that utilizes citrate as a sole carbon source. It is pathogenic for humans, causing enteric fevers, gastroenteritis, and bacteremia. Food poisoning is the most common clinical manifestation. Organisms within this genus are separated on the basis of antigenic characteristics, sugar fermentation patterns, and bacteriophage susceptibility.