Identification of 'molten globule'-like state in all beta-sheet protein. 1995

T K Kumar, and G Jayaraman, and C S Lee, and T Sivaraman, and W Y Lin, and C Yu
Chemistry Department, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.

The cardiotoxin analogue III (CTX III), isolated from the Taiwan Cobra venom (Naja naja atra), is a sixty amino acid, all beta-sheet protein. The 2,2,2-trifluoro ethanol (TFE) induced unfolding of CTX III is studied under acidic conditions (pH 2.5). Using circular dichroism, 1-anilino-8-napthalene sulphonic acid binding and NMR experiments, it is shown that stable, partially structured state(s) ['molten globule'-like state] is formed between 50 and 80% TFE concentrations. The protein was found to exist in an unfolded state in 80% TFE containing 2M urea. The TFE induced unfolding process is shown to be completely reversible. In the 'molten globule' state of CTX III in 80% TFE, though portion(s) of the backbone of the protein assume helical conformation, most of the original beta-sheet secondary structural elements in the protein are intact. In our opinion, this is the first report of the identification of a 'molten globule'-like state in the unfolding pathway of an all beta-sheet monomeric protein.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009682 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING). In Vivo NMR Spectroscopy,MR Spectroscopy,Magnetic Resonance,NMR Spectroscopy,NMR Spectroscopy, In Vivo,Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,Spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance,Spectroscopy, NMR,Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopies,Magnetic Resonance, Nuclear,NMR Spectroscopies,Resonance Spectroscopy, Magnetic,Resonance, Magnetic,Resonance, Nuclear Magnetic,Spectroscopies, NMR,Spectroscopy, MR
D002942 Circular Dichroism A change from planar to elliptic polarization when an initially plane-polarized light wave traverses an optically active medium. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Circular Dichroism, Vibrational,Dichroism, Circular,Vibrational Circular Dichroism
D004179 Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins Most abundant proteins in COBRA venom; basic polypeptides of 57 to 62 amino acids with four disulfide bonds and a molecular weight of less than 7000; causes skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction, interferes with neuromuscular and ganglionic transmission, depolarizes nerve, muscle and blood cell membranes, thus causing hemolysis. Cobra Cardiotoxin,Direct Lytic Factors,Cardiotoxin I,Cardiotoxin II,Cardiotoxin VII 4,Cardiotoxin VII2,Cardiotoxin-Like Basic Polypeptide,Cardiotoxins, Elapid,Cobra Cytotoxin Proteins,Cobra Toxin Gamma,Cobra Venom Cardiotoxin D,Cytotoxin-Like Basic Protein (Cobra Venom),Basic Polypeptide, Cardiotoxin-Like,Cardiotoxin Like Basic Polypeptide,Cardiotoxin Proteins, Cobra,Cardiotoxin, Cobra,Cytotoxin Proteins, Cobra,Elapid Cardiotoxins,Lytic Factors, Direct,Polypeptide, Cardiotoxin-Like Basic,Toxin Gamma, Cobra
D004546 Elapid Venoms Venoms from snakes of the family Elapidae, including cobras, kraits, mambas, coral, tiger, and Australian snakes. The venoms contain polypeptide toxins of various kinds, cytolytic, hemolytic, and neurotoxic factors, but fewer enzymes than viper or crotalid venoms. Many of the toxins have been characterized. Cobra Venoms,Elapidae Venom,Elapidae Venoms,Naja Venoms,Cobra Venom,Elapid Venom,Hydrophid Venom,Hydrophid Venoms,King Cobra Venom,Naja Venom,Ophiophagus hannah Venom,Sea Snake Venom,Sea Snake Venoms,Venom, Cobra,Venom, Elapid,Venom, Elapidae,Venom, Hydrophid,Venom, King Cobra,Venom, Naja,Venom, Ophiophagus hannah,Venom, Sea Snake,Venoms, Cobra,Venoms, Elapid,Venoms, Elapidae,Venoms, Hydrophid,Venoms, Naja,Venoms, Sea Snake
D005456 Fluorescent Dyes Chemicals that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than that of the incident light. Fluorochromes are substances that cause fluorescence in other substances, i.e., dyes used to mark or label other compounds with fluorescent tags. Flourescent Agent,Fluorescent Dye,Fluorescent Probe,Fluorescent Probes,Fluorochrome,Fluorochromes,Fluorogenic Substrates,Fluorescence Agents,Fluorescent Agents,Fluorogenic Substrate,Agents, Fluorescence,Agents, Fluorescent,Dyes, Fluorescent,Probes, Fluorescent,Substrates, Fluorogenic
D006860 Hydrogen Bonding A low-energy attractive force between hydrogen and another element. It plays a major role in determining the properties of water, proteins, and other compounds. Hydrogen Bonds,Bond, Hydrogen,Hydrogen Bond
D000817 Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates A class of organic compounds which contain an anilino (phenylamino) group linked to a salt or ester of naphthalenesulfonic acid. They are frequently used as fluorescent dyes and sulfhydryl reagents. Naphthalenesulfonates, Anilino
D013050 Spectrometry, Fluorescence Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence. Fluorescence Spectrophotometry,Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Spectrofluorometry,Fluorescence Spectrometry,Spectrophotometry, Fluorescence,Spectroscopy, Fluorescence
D017433 Protein Structure, Secondary The level of protein structure in which regular hydrogen-bond interactions within contiguous stretches of polypeptide chain give rise to ALPHA-HELICES; BETA-STRANDS (which align to form BETA-SHEETS), or other types of coils. This is the first folding level of protein conformation. Secondary Protein Structure,Protein Structures, Secondary,Secondary Protein Structures,Structure, Secondary Protein,Structures, Secondary Protein
D017510 Protein Folding Processes involved in the formation of TERTIARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE. Protein Folding, Globular,Folding, Globular Protein,Folding, Protein,Foldings, Globular Protein,Foldings, Protein,Globular Protein Folding,Globular Protein Foldings,Protein Foldings,Protein Foldings, Globular

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