Biomaterial Database

Acute inhalation toxicology of oxalyl chloride. 1995

S J Barbee, and J J Stone, and R J Hilaski

Department of Environmental Hygiene and Toxicology, Olin Corporation, New Haven, CT 06511.

The acute inhalation LC50 of oxalyl chloride was determined in rats following a one-hour exposure. Four groups of 10 animals per group were exposed to a concentration range of 462-2233 ppm. One set of six animals was exposed to a concentration of oxalyl chloride of 1232 ppm for one hour to evaluate the histopathological change to the lungs. The LC50 is 1840 ppm with the 95% confidence interval between 1531 ppm and 2210 ppm. Microscopically, the lungs from the treated animals exhibited acute bronchiolitis, exudate within the alveoli, and congestion. Pulmonary edema appears to contribute significantly to mortality produced by oxalyl chloride. A comparison of the acute one-hour LC50 of oxalyl chloride to that of hydrogen chloride, phosgene, phosphorus oxychloride, boron trichloride, and chlorine indicates that it shares a comparable degree of acute toxicity to hydrogen chloride and is significantly less toxic via inhalation than the latter four chemicals.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D008297	Male		Males
D009929	Organ Size	The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.	Organ Volume,Organ Weight,Size, Organ,Weight, Organ
D010070	Oxalates	Derivatives of OXALIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are derived from the ethanedioic acid structure.	Oxalate,Ethanedioic Acids,Oxalic Acids,Acids, Ethanedioic,Acids, Oxalic
D010705	Phosgene	A highly toxic gas that has been used as a chemical warfare agent. It is an insidious poison as it is not irritating immediately, even when fatal concentrations are inhaled. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed, p7304)
D010758	Phosphorus	A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	Black Phosphorus,Phosphorus-31,Red Phosphorus,White Phosphorus,Yellow Phosphorus,Phosphorus 31,Phosphorus, Black,Phosphorus, Red,Phosphorus, White,Phosphorus, Yellow
D001880	Boranes	The collective name for the boron hydrides, which are analogous to the alkanes and silanes. Numerous boranes are known. Some have high calorific values and are used in high-energy fuels. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Borane,Boron Hydride,Boron Hydrides,Hydride, Boron,Hydrides, Boron
D002712	Chlorides	Inorganic compounds derived from hydrochloric acid that contain the Cl- ion.	Chloride,Chloride Ion Level,Ion Level, Chloride,Level, Chloride Ion
D002713	Chlorine	An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.	Chlorine Gas,Chlorine-35,Cl2 Gas,Chlorine 35,Gas, Chlorine,Gas, Cl2
D005260	Female		Females