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Pholedrine: a substitute for hydroxyamphetamine as a diagnostic eyedrop test in Horner's syndrome. 1995

A T Bates, and S Chamberlain, and M Champion, and L Foley, and E Hughes, and B Jani, and H Mehta, and S E Smith
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, United Medical School, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.

Mydriatic responses to eyedrops containing the indirect acting sympathomimetic amines tyramine, hydroxyamphetamine, and pholedrine have been compared in 10 healthy subjects. Pholedrine, the n-methyl derivative of hydroxyamphetamine, at a concentration of 1% had effects similar to those produced by 0.5% hydroxyamphetamine itself. Pretreatment with topical guanethidine attenuated its responses and in 13 patients with unilateral Horner's syndrome it distinguished clearly those five patients who had preganglionic from the eight with postganglionic lesions. It is concluded that 1% pholedrine may be substituted for 0.5% hydroxyamphetamine, which is no longer available, as a diagnostic agent for use in Horner's syndrome.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008694 Methamphetamine A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed. Deoxyephedrine,Desoxyephedrine,Desoxyn,Madrine,Metamfetamine,Methamphetamine Hydrochloride,Methylamphetamine,N-Methylamphetamine,Hydrochloride, Methamphetamine,N Methylamphetamine
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009883 Ophthalmic Solutions Sterile solutions that are intended for instillation into the eye. It does not include solutions for cleaning eyeglasses or CONTACT LENS SOLUTIONS. Eye Drop,Eyedrop,Eyedrops,Ophthalmic Solution,Eye Drops,Drop, Eye,Drops, Eye,Solution, Ophthalmic,Solutions, Ophthalmic
D010136 p-Hydroxyamphetamine Amphetamine metabolite with sympathomimetic effects. It is sometimes called alpha-methyltyramine, which may also refer to the meta isomer, gepefrine. Hydroxyphenylisopropylamine,Methyltyramine,Norpholedrin,Oxyamphetamine,para-Hydroxyamphetamine,Hydroxyamfetamine,Hydroxyamphetamin,Hydroxyamphetamine,Hydroxyamphetamine Hydrobromide,Paredrine,Hydrobromide, Hydroxyamphetamine,p Hydroxyamphetamine,para Hydroxyamphetamine
D011680 Pupil The aperture in the iris through which light passes. Pupils
D005260 Female Females
D006145 Guanethidine An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues. ((2-Hexahydro-1(2H)-azocinyl)ethyl)guanidine,Guanethidine Monosulfate,Guanethidine Sulfate,Guanethidine Sulfate (1:1),Guanethidine Sulfate (1:2),Guanethidine Sulfate (2:1),Guanethidine Sulfate (2:1), 14C-Labeled,Ismelin,Isobarin,Octadine,Oktadin,Monosulfate, Guanethidine,Sulfate, Guanethidine
D006732 Horner Syndrome A syndrome associated with defective sympathetic innervation to one side of the face, including the eye. Clinical features include MIOSIS; mild BLEPHAROPTOSIS; and hemifacial ANHIDROSIS (decreased sweating)(see HYPOHIDROSIS). Lesions of the BRAIN STEM; cervical SPINAL CORD; first thoracic nerve root; apex of the LUNG; CAROTID ARTERY; CAVERNOUS SINUS; and apex of the ORBIT may cause this condition. (From Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, pp500-11) Bernard Syndrome,Horner's Syndrome,Miosis, Innervational Defect,Oculosympathetic Syndrome,Bernard's Syndrome,Claude Bernard-Horner Syndrome,Horner Syndrome, Acquired,Horner Syndrome, Central,Horner's Syndrome, Pupil,Ophthalmoplegia, Sympathetic Ocular,Ptosis Sympathetic,Sympathetic Ocular-Ophthalmoplegia,Acquired Horner Syndrome,Bernard Syndromes,Bernards Syndrome,Central Horner Syndrome,Claude Bernard Horner Syndrome,Horner Syndrome, Pupil,Horners Syndrome,Horners Syndrome, Pupil,Ocular Ophthalmoplegia, Sympathetic,Ocular Ophthalmoplegias, Sympathetic,Ocular-Ophthalmoplegia, Sympathetic,Ocular-Ophthalmoplegias, Sympathetic,Oculosympathetic Syndromes,Ophthalmoplegias, Sympathetic Ocular,Pupil Horner's Syndrome,Sympathetic Ocular Ophthalmoplegia,Sympathetic Ocular Ophthalmoplegias,Sympathetic Ocular-Ophthalmoplegias,Syndrome, Acquired Horner,Syndrome, Bernard,Syndrome, Bernard's,Syndrome, Central Horner,Syndrome, Claude Bernard-Horner,Syndrome, Horner,Syndrome, Horner's,Syndrome, Oculosympathetic,Syndrome, Pupil Horner's,Syndromes, Bernard,Syndromes, Oculosympathetic
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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