Biomaterial Database

Influence of fetal brain grafts on axotomized retinal ganglion cells. 1994

N C Gellrich, and M M Gellrich, and A Bremerich

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ruhruniversität Bochum, Germany.

The neurotrophic activity of fetal brain grafts next to the proximal stump of the transected optic nerve of adult rats was investigated. Axotomy (n = 25) reduced the original retinal ganglion cell population by 90% and the mean neuron size by one-third within 30 days. No increase in number or size of the surviving neurons could be found in any group receiving an embryonic brain graft (E16; spinal cord: n = 16, cerebral cortex: n = 16, tectum: n = 15, thalamus: n = 17) at the site of optic nerve transection, despite good survival of transplants. Although no positive effect on axotomized retinal ganglion cells could be found after transplantation of embryonic central nervous system structures, the same experimental model of the optic nerve seems to be valuable for further investigations of degeneration of traumatized retinal ganglion cells.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009410	Nerve Degeneration	Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.	Neuron Degeneration,Degeneration, Nerve,Degeneration, Neuron,Degenerations, Nerve,Degenerations, Neuron,Nerve Degenerations,Neuron Degenerations
D009416	Nerve Regeneration	Renewal or physiological repair of damaged nerve tissue.	Nerve Tissue Regeneration,Nervous Tissue Regeneration,Neural Tissue Regeneration,Nerve Tissue Regenerations,Nervous Tissue Regenerations,Neural Tissue Regenerations,Regeneration, Nerve,Regeneration, Nerve Tissue,Regeneration, Nervous Tissue,Regeneration, Neural Tissue,Tissue Regeneration, Nerve,Tissue Regeneration, Nervous,Tissue Regeneration, Neural
D011917	Rats, Inbred Lew	An inbred strain of rat that is used in BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH.	Rats, Inbred Lewis,Rats, Lew,Inbred Lew Rat,Inbred Lew Rats,Inbred Lewis Rats,Lew Rat,Lew Rat, Inbred,Lew Rats,Lew Rats, Inbred,Lewis Rats, Inbred,Rat, Inbred Lew,Rat, Lew
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001369	Axons	Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body.	Axon
D012165	Retinal Ganglion Cells	Neurons of the innermost layer of the retina, the internal plexiform layer. They are of variable sizes and shapes, and their axons project via the OPTIC NERVE to the brain. A small subset of these cells act as photoreceptors with projections to the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS, the center for regulating CIRCADIAN RHYTHM.	Cell, Retinal Ganglion,Cells, Retinal Ganglion,Ganglion Cell, Retinal,Ganglion Cells, Retinal,Retinal Ganglion Cell
D016332	Fetal Tissue Transplantation	Transference of fetal tissue between individuals of the same species or between individuals of different species.	Grafting, Fetal Tissue,Transplantation, Fetal Tissue,Fetal Tissue Donation,Donation, Fetal Tissue,Donations, Fetal Tissue,Fetal Tissue Donations,Fetal Tissue Grafting,Fetal Tissue Graftings,Fetal Tissue Transplantations,Graftings, Fetal Tissue,Tissue Donation, Fetal,Tissue Donations, Fetal,Tissue Grafting, Fetal,Tissue Graftings, Fetal,Tissue Transplantation, Fetal,Tissue Transplantations, Fetal,Transplantations, Fetal Tissue
D016380	Brain Tissue Transplantation	Transference of brain tissue, either from a fetus or from a born individual, between individuals of the same species or between individuals of different species.	Grafting, Brain Tissue,Transplantation, Brain Tissue,Brain Tissue Grafting,Brain Tissue Graftings,Brain Tissue Transplantations,Graftings, Brain Tissue,Tissue Grafting, Brain,Tissue Graftings, Brain,Tissue Transplantation, Brain,Tissue Transplantations, Brain,Transplantations, Brain Tissue
D051381	Rats	The common name for the genus Rattus.	Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D020221	Optic Nerve Injuries	Injuries to the optic nerve induced by a trauma to the face or head. These may occur with closed or penetrating injuries. Relatively minor compression of the superior aspect of orbit may also result in trauma to the optic nerve. Clinical manifestations may include visual loss, PAPILLEDEMA, and an afferent pupillary defect.	Optic Nerve Trauma,Optic Neuropathy, Traumatic,Second Cranial Nerve Trauma,Cranial Nerve II Injuries,Optic Nerve Avulsion,Optic Nerve Contusion,Optic Nerve Transection,Second Cranial Nerve Injuries,Trauma, Second Cranial Nerve,Avulsion, Optic Nerve,Avulsions, Optic Nerve,Contusion, Optic Nerve,Contusions, Optic Nerve,Injuries, Optic Nerve,Injury, Optic Nerve,Nerve Avulsion, Optic,Nerve Avulsions, Optic,Nerve Contusion, Optic,Nerve Contusions, Optic,Nerve Injuries, Optic,Nerve Injury, Optic,Nerve Transection, Optic,Nerve Transections, Optic,Nerve Trauma, Optic,Nerve Traumas, Optic,Neuropathies, Traumatic Optic,Neuropathy, Traumatic Optic,Optic Nerve Avulsions,Optic Nerve Contusions,Optic Nerve Injury,Optic Nerve Transections,Optic Nerve Traumas,Optic Neuropathies, Traumatic,Transection, Optic Nerve,Transections, Optic Nerve,Trauma, Optic Nerve,Traumas, Optic Nerve,Traumatic Optic Neuropathies,Traumatic Optic Neuropathy