The incorporation of aseptic technique into surgical practice can reduce the risk of nosocomial infections associated with surgery. The four principles of asepsis are: know what is sterile, know what is not sterile, keep these concepts separate, and remedy contamination immediately. This article details aseptic technique for operating room (OR) practice. As we progress with technology, it seems there is a desire to change these time-honored practices to fit the new world of surgical specialization. OR nurses must be proficient in critically reviewing studies and rationale before making changes in these practices.