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Immunocytochemical localization of amino acid neurotransmitter candidates in the ventral horn of the cat spinal cord: a light microscopic study. 1993

O Shupliakov, and G Ornung, and L Brodin, and B Ulfhake, and O P Ottersen, and J Storm-Mathisen, and S Cullheim
Department of Anatomy, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

The distribution of immunoreactivities to six amino acids, possibly related to synaptic function, was investigated in the motor nucleus of the cat L7 spinal cord (laminae VII and IX) using a postembedding peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. Consecutive 0.5 micron transverse sections of plastic-embedded tissue were incubated with antisera raised against protein-glutaraldehyde conjugates of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, aspartate, glutamate, homocysteate, and taurine. This method allowed localization of the different immunoreactivities in individual cell profiles. The results showed that all these amino acids, except homocysteate, could be clearly detected in either neuronal or glial elements in the ventral horn. In cell bodies of neurons in lamina VII, immunoreactivity was observed for aspartate, glutamate, GABA, and glycine. Adjacent section analysis revealed that combinations of immunoreactivity for glycine/glutamate/aspartate, GABA/glycine/glutamate/aspartate and glutamate/aspartate, respectively, may occur in one and the same cell. In the motor nuclei (lamina IX), immunoreactivity to amino acids was observed in two types of neuron. Large cells, probably representing alpha-motoneurons, were harboring immunoreactivity to both glutamate and aspartate, while a few small neurons in this area displayed a colocalization of glycine, glutamate, and aspartate. Dendrites and axons in the motor nuclei contained glycine/glutamate/aspartate, GABA/glycine/glutamate/aspartate, and glutamate/aspartate immunoreactivities. In both laminae VII and IX, taurine-like immunoreactivity was absent in neuronal cell bodies, but highly concentrated in perivascular cells and small cells with a morphology resembling that of glial cells. A punctate immunolabeling, in all probability representing labeling of nerve terminals, could be demonstrated in the ventral horn for GABA, glycine, and glutamate, but not with certainty for aspartate or taurine. A quantitative estimate of the covering of cell bodies of alpha-motoneuron size by immunoreactive puncta revealed that glycine immunoreactive terminal-like structures were most abundant (covering 26-42% of the somatic membrane), while glutamate immunoreactive terminals were seen least frequently (5-9% covering). GABA-immunoreactive terminals covered from 10 to 24% of the soma surface.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007150 Immunohistochemistry Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents. Immunocytochemistry,Immunogold Techniques,Immunogold-Silver Techniques,Immunohistocytochemistry,Immunolabeling Techniques,Immunogold Technics,Immunogold-Silver Technics,Immunolabeling Technics,Immunogold Silver Technics,Immunogold Silver Techniques,Immunogold Technic,Immunogold Technique,Immunogold-Silver Technic,Immunogold-Silver Technique,Immunolabeling Technic,Immunolabeling Technique,Technic, Immunogold,Technic, Immunogold-Silver,Technic, Immunolabeling,Technics, Immunogold,Technics, Immunogold-Silver,Technics, Immunolabeling,Technique, Immunogold,Technique, Immunogold-Silver,Technique, Immunolabeling,Techniques, Immunogold,Techniques, Immunogold-Silver,Techniques, Immunolabeling
D009046 Motor Neurons Neurons which activate MUSCLE CELLS. Neurons, Motor,Alpha Motorneurons,Motoneurons,Motor Neurons, Alpha,Neurons, Alpha Motor,Alpha Motor Neuron,Alpha Motor Neurons,Alpha Motorneuron,Motoneuron,Motor Neuron,Motor Neuron, Alpha,Motorneuron, Alpha,Motorneurons, Alpha,Neuron, Alpha Motor,Neuron, Motor
D009474 Neurons The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Nerve Cells,Cell, Nerve,Cells, Nerve,Nerve Cell,Neuron
D002415 Cats The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801) Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D005680 gamma-Aminobutyric Acid The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. 4-Aminobutyric Acid,GABA,4-Aminobutanoic Acid,Aminalon,Aminalone,Gammalon,Lithium GABA,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Calcium Salt (2:1),gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Hydrochloride,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Monolithium Salt,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Monosodium Salt,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Zinc Salt (2:1),4 Aminobutanoic Acid,4 Aminobutyric Acid,Acid, Hydrochloride gamma-Aminobutyric,GABA, Lithium,Hydrochloride gamma-Aminobutyric Acid,gamma Aminobutyric Acid,gamma Aminobutyric Acid, Hydrochloride,gamma Aminobutyric Acid, Monolithium Salt,gamma Aminobutyric Acid, Monosodium Salt
D005971 Glutamates Derivatives of GLUTAMIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the 2-aminopentanedioic acid structure. Glutamic Acid Derivatives,Glutamic Acids,Glutaminic Acids
D005998 Glycine A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter. Aminoacetic Acid,Glycine, Monopotassium Salt,Glycine Carbonate (1:1), Monosodium Salt,Glycine Carbonate (2:1), Monolithium Salt,Glycine Carbonate (2:1), Monopotassium Salt,Glycine Carbonate (2:1), Monosodium Salt,Glycine Hydrochloride,Glycine Hydrochloride (2:1),Glycine Phosphate,Glycine Phosphate (1:1),Glycine Sulfate (3:1),Glycine, Calcium Salt,Glycine, Calcium Salt (2:1),Glycine, Cobalt Salt,Glycine, Copper Salt,Glycine, Monoammonium Salt,Glycine, Monosodium Salt,Glycine, Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate,Acid, Aminoacetic,Calcium Salt Glycine,Cobalt Salt Glycine,Copper Salt Glycine,Hydrochloride, Glycine,Monoammonium Salt Glycine,Monopotassium Salt Glycine,Monosodium Salt Glycine,Phosphate, Glycine,Salt Glycine, Monoammonium,Salt Glycine, Monopotassium,Salt Glycine, Monosodium
D006652 Histological Techniques Methods of preparing tissue for examination and study of the origin, structure, function, or pathology. Histologic Technic,Histologic Technics,Histologic Technique,Histologic Techniques,Histological Technics,Technic, Histologic,Technics, Histologic,Technique, Histologic,Techniques, Histologic,Histological Technic,Histological Technique,Technic, Histological,Technics, Histological,Technique, Histological,Techniques, Histological
D006710 Homocysteine A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE. 2-amino-4-mercaptobutyric acid,Homocysteine, L-Isomer,2 amino 4 mercaptobutyric acid,Homocysteine, L Isomer,L-Isomer Homocysteine
D000596 Amino Acids Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins. Amino Acid,Acid, Amino,Acids, Amino

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