Biomaterial Database

Effect of the selective A1 adenosine antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine on acute renal dysfunction induced by Escherichia coli endotoxin in rats. 1993

R J Knight, and C J Bowmer, and M S Yates

Department of Pharmacology, University of Leeds, UK.

The effect of the selective A1 adenosine antagonist, 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (CPX), on Escherichia coli endotoxin-induced acute renal dysfunction was determined in anaesthetized rats. Bolus administration of endotoxin at doses of either 1 or 20 mg kg-1 evoked decreases in inulin clearance, renal blood flow, urine flow and excretion of sodium, potassium and chloride. The changes in renal function produced by 20 mg kg-1 endotoxin were more severe than those noted with 1 mg kg-1 toxin and, by contrast to this lower dose, renal function showed no signs of recovery. Intravenous administration of CPX (0.1 mg kg-1) elicited a statistically significant, although modest, attenuation of the decline in inulin clearance, renal blood flow, urine output and electrolyte excretion induced by 20 mg kg-1 endotoxin. By contrast, treatment with 0.1 mg kg-1 CPX resulted in statistically significant protection against the falls in excretory function evoked by 1 mg kg-1 endotoxin but not against the reductions in renal blood flow and inulin clearance produced by the lower dose of toxin. These results suggest that adenosine may play a role, albeit not a major one, in the pathophysiology of endotoxaemic acute renal failure.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007444	Inulin	A starch found in the tubers and roots of many plants. Since it is hydrolyzable to FRUCTOSE, it is classified as a fructosan. It has been used in physiologic investigation for determination of the rate of glomerular function.
D007677	Kidney Function Tests	Laboratory tests used to evaluate how well the kidneys are working through examination of blood and urine.	Function Test, Kidney,Function Tests, Kidney,Kidney Function Test,Test, Kidney Function,Tests, Kidney Function
D008297	Male		Males
D011188	Potassium	An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D012079	Renal Circulation	The circulation of the BLOOD through the vessels of the KIDNEY.	Kidney Circulation,Renal Blood Flow,Circulation, Kidney,Circulation, Renal,Blood Flow, Renal,Flow, Renal Blood
D002712	Chlorides	Inorganic compounds derived from hydrochloric acid that contain the Cl- ion.	Chloride,Chloride Ion Level,Ion Level, Chloride,Level, Chloride Ion
D004731	Endotoxins	Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.	Endotoxin
D004926	Escherichia coli	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.	Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012964	Sodium	A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.	Sodium Ion Level,Sodium-23,Ion Level, Sodium,Level, Sodium Ion,Sodium 23