According to the data contained in the materials provided by the hospital of infectious diseases of the Khabarovsk Medical Institute, in the recent decade hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome, together with pseudotuberculosis, played the leading role in the structure of morbidity caused by natural foci of infections. The distribution of patients in social groups and different important factors of the epidemiology of this disease are considered. Taking into account a high morbidity level in this disease and its social grounds, the necessity of further improvement of the system of nonspecific prophylaxis is substantiated.