-transparent.png){kind=logo}
The membrane surface of polarized renal epithelial cells (MDCK cells) grown as a monolayer was imaged with the atomic force microscope. The surface topography of dried cells determined by this approach was consistent with electron microscopy images previously reported. Fixed and living cells in aqueous medium gave more fuzzy images, likely because of the presence of the cell glycocalix. Treatment of living cells with neuraminidase, an enzyme that partly degrades the glycocalix, allowed sub-micrometer imaging. Protruding particles, 10 to 60 nm xy size, occupy most of the membrane surface. Protease treatment markedly reduced the size of these particles, indicating that they corresponded to proteins. Tip structure effects were probably involved in the exaggerated size of imaged membrane proteins. Although further improvements in the imaging conditions, including tip sharpness, are required, atomic force microscope already offers the unique possibility to image proteins at the membrane surface of living cells.
C Le Grimellec, and
E Lesniewska, and
C Cachia, and
J P Schreiber, and
F de Fornel, and
J P Goudonnet
July 1997,
Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology,
C Le Grimellec, and
E Lesniewska, and
C Cachia, and
J P Schreiber, and
F de Fornel, and
J P Goudonnet
May 1994,
Journal of cell science,
C Le Grimellec, and
E Lesniewska, and
C Cachia, and
J P Schreiber, and
F de Fornel, and
J P Goudonnet
January 2001,
APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica,
C Le Grimellec, and
E Lesniewska, and
C Cachia, and
J P Schreiber, and
F de Fornel, and
J P Goudonnet
January 2003,
Yeast (Chichester, England),
C Le Grimellec, and
E Lesniewska, and
C Cachia, and
J P Schreiber, and
F de Fornel, and
J P Goudonnet
July 2013,
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications,
C Le Grimellec, and
E Lesniewska, and
C Cachia, and
J P Schreiber, and
F de Fornel, and
J P Goudonnet
August 2015,
Nature chemistry,
C Le Grimellec, and
E Lesniewska, and
C Cachia, and
J P Schreiber, and
F de Fornel, and
J P Goudonnet
August 2004,
Biochimica et biophysica acta,
C Le Grimellec, and
E Lesniewska, and
C Cachia, and
J P Schreiber, and
F de Fornel, and
J P Goudonnet
September 2009,
Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine,
C Le Grimellec, and
E Lesniewska, and
C Cachia, and
J P Schreiber, and
F de Fornel, and
J P Goudonnet
March 1996,
Biopolymers,
C Le Grimellec, and
E Lesniewska, and
C Cachia, and
J P Schreiber, and
F de Fornel, and
J P Goudonnet
February 2007,
Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine,
