Biomaterial Database

Thanatogen expression during involution of the rat ventral prostate after castration. 1994

R S Guenette, and L Daehlin, and M Mooibroek, and K Wong, and M Tenniswood

Department of Biochemistry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

After castration the rat ventral prostate undergoes regression. This process occurs due to the induction of apoptosis, or active cell death, in the epithelial cells of the gland. Several genes, including TRPM-2, (testosterone repressed prostate message), RVP.1, fos, and myc, have been shown to be induced in the prostate during this process. We have investigated the expression of several other genes that may be associated with apoptosis, including tissue transglutaminase (TGase), poly(ADP)ribose polymerase (PARP), and heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27). Northern hybridization has been used to determine the steady-state mRNA levels of these genes in the ventral prostate after castration, and the time course of induction has been compared to the changes in the steady-state levels of prostate steroid binding protein (PSBP), alpha-tubulin, and TRPM-2 mRNAs. The results show that the mRNAs for PARP, transglutaminase, and Hsp27, in addition to TRPM-2, are induced by androgen ablation in the rat ventral prostate and reach maximum levels between days 3 and 4 after castration. Using in situ hybridization we have established that these genes are expressed in the epithelial cells of the prostate that are known to undergo active cell death; this result suggests that their gene products may be required in the dying cells to ensure that the biochemical and morphological processes of apoptosis are completed appropriately.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009919	Orchiectomy	The surgical removal of one or both testicles.	Castration, Male,Orchidectomy,Castrations, Male,Male Castration,Male Castrations,Orchidectomies,Orchiectomies
D011065	Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases	Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of multiple ADP-RIBOSE groups from nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) onto protein targets, thus building up a linear or branched homopolymer of repeating ADP-ribose units i.e., POLY ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSE.	ADP-Ribosyltransferase (Polymerizing),Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase,Poly(ADP-Ribose) Synthase,Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase,PARP Polymerase,Poly ADP Ribose Transferase,Poly ADP-Ribose Synthase,Poly(ADP-Ribose) Transferase,Poly(ADPR) Polymerase,Poly(ADPribose) Polymerase,Poly ADP Ribose Synthase,Polymerase, PARP,Synthase, Poly ADP-Ribose
D011467	Prostate	A gland in males that surrounds the neck of the URINARY BLADDER and the URETHRA. It secretes a substance that liquefies coagulated semen. It is situated in the pelvic cavity behind the lower part of the PUBIC SYMPHYSIS, above the deep layer of the triangular ligament, and rests upon the RECTUM.	Prostates
D011503	Transglutaminases	Transglutaminases catalyze cross-linking of proteins at a GLUTAMINE in one chain with LYSINE in another chain. They include keratinocyte transglutaminase (TGM1 or TGK), tissue transglutaminase (TGM2 or TGC), plasma transglutaminase involved with coagulation (FACTOR XIII and FACTOR XIIIa), hair follicle transglutaminase, and prostate transglutaminase. Although structures differ, they share an active site (YGQCW) and strict CALCIUM dependence.	Glutaminyl-Peptide Gamma-Glutamyltransferases,Protein-Glutamine gamma-Glutamyltransferases,Transglutaminase,Gamma-Glutamyltransferases, Glutaminyl-Peptide,Glutaminyl Peptide Gamma Glutamyltransferases,Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferases,gamma-Glutamyltransferases, Protein-Glutamine
D006023	Glycoproteins	Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including MUCINS; mucoid, and AMYLOID glycoproteins.	C-Glycosylated Proteins,Glycosylated Protein,Glycosylated Proteins,N-Glycosylated Proteins,O-Glycosylated Proteins,Glycoprotein,Neoglycoproteins,Protein, Glycosylated,Proteins, C-Glycosylated,Proteins, Glycosylated,Proteins, N-Glycosylated,Proteins, O-Glycosylated
D006360	Heat-Shock Proteins	Proteins which are synthesized in eukaryotic organisms and bacteria in response to hyperthermia and other environmental stresses. They increase thermal tolerance and perform functions essential to cell survival under these conditions.	Stress Protein,Stress Proteins,Heat-Shock Protein,Heat Shock Protein,Heat Shock Proteins,Protein, Stress
D000727	Androgen-Binding Protein	Carrier proteins produced in the Sertoli cells of the testis, secreted into the seminiferous tubules, and transported via the efferent ducts to the epididymis. They participate in the transport of androgens. Androgen-binding protein has the same amino acid sequence as SEX HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN. They differ by their sites of synthesis and post-translational oligosaccharide modifications.	Androgen Binding Protein,Binding Protein, Androgen,Protein, Androgen Binding,Protein, Androgen-Binding
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014404	Tubulin	A microtubule subunit protein found in large quantities in mammalian brain. It has also been isolated from SPERM FLAGELLUM; CILIA; and other sources. Structurally, the protein is a dimer with a molecular weight of approximately 120,000 and a sedimentation coefficient of 5.8S. It binds to COLCHICINE; VINCRISTINE; and VINBLASTINE.	alpha-Tubulin,beta-Tubulin,delta-Tubulin,epsilon-Tubulin,gamma-Tubulin,alpha Tubulin,beta Tubulin,delta Tubulin,epsilon Tubulin,gamma Tubulin