Biomaterial Database

Cytotoxicity versus transforming activity in chemically exposed Syrian hamster embryo cells. 1994

M Dusinská, and D Slameñová

Department of Mutagenesis and Chemical Carcinogenesis, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava.

A series of experiments was conducted to determine the dose response relationship with respect to both cytotoxicity and morphological transformation in Syrian hamster embryo cells exposed to different chemicals. The effects of the following model chemical carcinogen/mutagens were investigated: 3-methyl cholanthrene (3-MC), benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitroso-guanidine (MNNG), N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU), the noncarcinogenic weak mutagen methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and nonmutagenic pesticides Supercypermethrin EC, VUCHT 524, and Dual. The results showed that all carcinogen/mutagens, i.e. 3-MC, B(a)P, MNNG, and MNU increased the number of morphological transformations on the maximum level at concentrations < TD50-TD70 (TD = toxic dose) and remained more or less on the same level at higher concentrations. Similar effect was observed in embryo cells treated with nonmutagenic Supercypermethrin EC. Very low concentrations of nonmutagenic pesticide VUCHT 524 stimulated proliferation of cells and at the same time induced the maximum level of morphological transformations. MMS and Dual did not induce morphological transformation of embryo cells at all. Induction of morphological transformation in embryo cells is evidently independent of the activity of a chemical to induce gene mutations and seems to be a valuable assay for studying the carcinogenic effects of lower doses of suspicious chemicals.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008647	Mesocricetus	A genus in the order Rodentia and family Cricetidae. One species, Mesocricetus auratus or golden hamster is widely used in biomedical research.	Hamsters, Golden,Hamsters, Golden Syrian,Hamsters, Syrian,Mesocricetus auratus,Syrian Golden Hamster,Syrian Hamster,Golden Hamster,Golden Hamster, Syrian,Golden Hamsters,Golden Syrian Hamsters,Hamster, Golden,Hamster, Syrian,Hamster, Syrian Golden,Syrian Hamsters
D008748	Methylcholanthrene	A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.	20-Methylcholanthrene,3-Methylcholanthrene,20 Methylcholanthrene,3 Methylcholanthrene
D009153	Mutagens	Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.	Clastogen,Clastogens,Genotoxin,Genotoxins,Mutagen
D002273	Carcinogens	Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.	Carcinogen,Oncogen,Oncogens,Tumor Initiator,Tumor Initiators,Tumor Promoter,Tumor Promoters,Initiator, Tumor,Initiators, Tumor,Promoter, Tumor,Promoters, Tumor
D002471	Cell Transformation, Neoplastic	Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	Neoplastic Transformation, Cell,Neoplastic Cell Transformation,Transformation, Neoplastic Cell,Tumorigenic Transformation,Cell Neoplastic Transformation,Cell Neoplastic Transformations,Cell Transformations, Neoplastic,Neoplastic Cell Transformations,Neoplastic Transformations, Cell,Transformation, Cell Neoplastic,Transformation, Tumorigenic,Transformations, Cell Neoplastic,Transformations, Neoplastic Cell,Transformations, Tumorigenic,Tumorigenic Transformations
D002478	Cells, Cultured	Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.	Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D004622	Embryo, Mammalian	The entity of a developing mammal (MAMMALS), generally from the cleavage of a ZYGOTE to the end of embryonic differentiation of basic structures. For the human embryo, this represents the first two months of intrauterine development preceding the stages of the FETUS.	Embryonic Structures, Mammalian,Mammalian Embryo,Mammalian Embryo Structures,Mammalian Embryonic Structures,Embryo Structure, Mammalian,Embryo Structures, Mammalian,Embryonic Structure, Mammalian,Embryos, Mammalian,Mammalian Embryo Structure,Mammalian Embryonic Structure,Mammalian Embryos,Structure, Mammalian Embryo,Structure, Mammalian Embryonic,Structures, Mammalian Embryo,Structures, Mammalian Embryonic
D006224	Cricetinae	A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS.	Cricetus,Hamsters,Hamster
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia