Biomaterial Database

Immune responses of piglets to Pasteurella multocida toxin and toxoid. 1994

P M van Diemen, and G de Vries Reilingh, and H K Parmentier

Department of Animal Husbandry, Agricultural University, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Experimental atrophic rhinitis (AR), serum antibody titres and in vitro lymphoproliferation to Pasteurella multocida derived toxin (Pm-T) were studied in piglets. Specific immune responses to Pm-T and Pm-T induced conchae atrophy were compared with AR immunity. This immunity was initiated by the Nobi-VAC AR-T vaccine administered at various times with respect to Pm-T challenge. Animals challenged with Pm-T developed conchae atrophy, but no antibodies nor cellular immune responses to Pm-T were detected. Vaccination 3 weeks before Pm-T challenge protected pigs against breakdown of nasal bony tissues. This protection was accompanied by an increase of serum antibodies and in vitro lymphoproliferation to Pm-T. Animals vaccinated 10 days before or after Pm-T challenge also had antibodies and cellular immune responses. However, these animals developed AR. In vitro, Pm-T appeared mitogenic for quiescent (non-immune) peripheral lymphocytes and Concanavalin A stimulated lymphocytes from some pigs. These in vitro lymphoproliferative responses could be partly abrogated by the addition of monomorphic anti-swine major histocompatibility complex class II DQ and DR specific monoclonal antibodies. We conclude that Pm-T is poorly immunogenic in vivo and does not initiate a protective Pm-T specific immune response. Pigs were protected from AR by vaccination, but protection was dependent on the timing of vaccine administration. We speculate that Pm-T modifies the immune response such that the response is not directed towards the toxin but to an unidentified component in the nose of piglets.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007111	Immunity, Cellular	Manifestations of the immune response which are mediated by antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes via lymphokines or direct cytotoxicity. This takes place in the absence of circulating antibody or where antibody plays a subordinate role.	Cell-Mediated Immunity,Cellular Immune Response,Cell Mediated Immunity,Cell-Mediated Immunities,Cellular Immune Responses,Cellular Immunities,Cellular Immunity,Immune Response, Cellular,Immune Responses, Cellular,Immunities, Cell-Mediated,Immunities, Cellular,Immunity, Cell-Mediated,Response, Cellular Immune
D008213	Lymphocyte Activation	Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.	Blast Transformation,Blastogenesis,Lymphoblast Transformation,Lymphocyte Stimulation,Lymphocyte Transformation,Transformation, Blast,Transformation, Lymphoblast,Transformation, Lymphocyte,Activation, Lymphocyte,Stimulation, Lymphocyte
D010326	Pasteurella Infections	Infections with bacteria of the genus PASTEURELLA.	Pasteurellosis,Infections, Pasteurella,Infection, Pasteurella,Pasteurella Infection,Pasteurelloses
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000907	Antibodies, Bacterial	Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.	Bacterial Antibodies
D001426	Bacterial Proteins	Proteins found in any species of bacterium.	Bacterial Gene Products,Bacterial Gene Proteins,Gene Products, Bacterial,Bacterial Gene Product,Bacterial Gene Protein,Bacterial Protein,Gene Product, Bacterial,Gene Protein, Bacterial,Gene Proteins, Bacterial,Protein, Bacterial,Proteins, Bacterial
D001427	Bacterial Toxins	Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases.	Bacterial Toxin,Toxins, Bacterial,Toxin, Bacterial
D012222	Rhinitis, Atrophic	A chronic inflammation in which the NASAL MUCOSA gradually changes from a functional to a non-functional lining without mucociliary clearance. It is often accompanied by degradation of the bony TURBINATES, and the foul-smelling mucus which forms a greenish crust (ozena).	Ozena,Atrophic Rhinitides,Atrophic Rhinitis,Ozenas,Rhinitides, Atrophic
D013552	Swine	Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).	Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog
D013553	Swine Diseases	Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.	Disease, Swine,Diseases, Swine,Swine Disease