Biomaterial Database

Spinach carbonic anhydrase: investigation of the zinc-binding ligands by site-directed mutagenesis, elemental analysis, and EXAFS. 1994

M H Bracey, and J Christiansen, and P Tovar, and S P Cramer, and S G Bartlett

Department of Biochemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803.

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase has been well characterized in mammalian systems, but the structural properties of the plant isozymes remain elusive. To investigate the nature of the zinc-binding site in spinach carbonic anhydrase, we targeted potential zinc ligands for mutagenesis and examined the resulting enzymes for catalytic activity and stoichiometric zinc binding. In addition, we examined the wild-type protein using extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis. Our results suggest that spinach carbonic anhydrase utilizes a Cys-His-Cys-H2O ligand scheme to bind the zinc ion at the active site.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008024	Ligands	A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	Ligand
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D002256	Carbonic Anhydrases	A family of zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They play an important role in the transport of CARBON DIOXIDE from the tissues to the LUNG. EC 4.2.1.1.	Carbonate Dehydratase,Carbonic Anhydrase,Anhydrases, Carbonic,Dehydratase, Carbonate
D003001	Cloning, Molecular	The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.	Molecular Cloning
D004591	Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel	Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.	Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-PAGE,Gel Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide,SDS PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-PAGEs
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D001426	Bacterial Proteins	Proteins found in any species of bacterium.	Bacterial Gene Products,Bacterial Gene Proteins,Gene Products, Bacterial,Bacterial Gene Product,Bacterial Gene Protein,Bacterial Protein,Gene Product, Bacterial,Gene Protein, Bacterial,Gene Proteins, Bacterial,Protein, Bacterial,Proteins, Bacterial
D001665	Binding Sites	The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.	Combining Site,Binding Site,Combining Sites,Site, Binding,Site, Combining,Sites, Binding,Sites, Combining
D013052	Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission	The spectrometric analysis of fluorescent X-RAYS, i.e. X-rays emitted after bombarding matter with high energy particles such as PROTONS; ELECTRONS; or higher energy X-rays. Identification of ELEMENTS by this technique is based on the specific type of X-rays that are emitted which are characteristic of the specific elements in the material being analyzed. The characteristic X-rays are distinguished and/or quantified by either wavelength dispersive or energy dispersive methods.	Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission Spectrometry,Proton-Induced X-Ray Emission Spectrometry,Spectrometry, Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission,Spectrometry, Proton-Induced X-Ray Emission,Spectrometry, X-Ray Fluorescence,X-Ray Emission Spectrometry,X-Ray Emission Spectroscopy,X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry,Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy,Particle Induced X Ray Emission Spectrometry,Proton Induced X Ray Emission Spectrometry,Spectrometry, Particle Induced X Ray Emission,Spectrometry, Proton Induced X Ray Emission,Spectrometry, Xray Emission,Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry,Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy,X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Xray Emission Spectroscopy,Emission Spectrometry, X-Ray,Emission Spectrometry, Xray,Emission Spectroscopy, X-Ray,Emission Spectroscopy, Xray,Energy Dispersive X Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,Energy Dispersive X Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectrometry,Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy,Fluorescence Spectrometry, X-Ray,Fluorescence Spectroscopy, X-Ray,Spectrometry, X Ray Emission,Spectrometry, X Ray Fluorescence,Spectroscopy, X-Ray Emission,Spectroscopy, X-Ray Fluorescence,Spectroscopy, Xray Emission,Wavelength Dispersive X Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,Wavelength Dispersive X Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,Wavelength Dispersive X Ray Spectrometry,Wavelength Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy,X Ray Emission Spectrometry,X Ray Emission Spectroscopy,X Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry,X Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy,X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopies,Xray Emission Spectrometry
D015032	Zinc	A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.