Biomaterial Database

Pentagastrin infusions in patients with panic disorder. I. Symptoms and cardiovascular responses. 1994

J L Abelson, and R M Nesse

Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Cholecystokinin (CCK) may mediate human anxiety and animal data suggest that cholecystokinin antagonists could provide an important advance in the treatment of anxiety disorders. The study of CCK receptor systems in psychiatric patients has, however, been severely limited by the lack of available probes. We utilized intravenous infusions of pentagastrin, a selective CCK-B receptor agonist, and studied behavioral and cardiovascular responses in 10 patients with panic disorder and 10 normal controls. Pentagastrin produced substantial symptomatology, including anxiety, and increases in heart rate and blood pressure, in both patients and controls. Patients were more sensitive to the panicogenic effects of the pentagastrin. Panic attacks occurred in 70% of patients and 0% of controls. Patients' symptom responses were very similar to their "typical" panic attacks and to symptoms produced by CCK4. Pentagastrin provides a readily available alternative to CCK4 for studying the CCK receptor system and exploring its involvement in human anxiety.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009638	Norepinephrine	Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the ADRENAL MEDULLA and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers, and of the diffuse projection system in the brain that arises from the LOCUS CERULEUS. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.	Levarterenol,Levonorepinephrine,Noradrenaline,Arterenol,Levonor,Levophed,Levophed Bitartrate,Noradrenaline Bitartrate,Noradrénaline tartrate renaudin,Norepinephrin d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine Bitartrate,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:2),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+,-)-Isomer
D010200	Panic	A state of extreme acute, intense anxiety and unreasoning fear accompanied by disorganization of personality function.	Panics
D010418	Pentagastrin	A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.	Acignost,Gastrin Pentapeptide,Peptavlon,Pentapeptide, Gastrin
D011949	Receptors, Cholecystokinin	Cell surface proteins that bind cholecystokinin (CCK) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells. Cholecystokinin receptors are activated by GASTRIN as well as by CCK-4; CCK-8; and CCK-33. Activation of these receptors evokes secretion of AMYLASE by pancreatic acinar cells, acid and PEPSIN by stomach mucosal cells, and contraction of the PYLORUS and GALLBLADDER. The role of the widespread CCK receptors in the central nervous system is not well understood.	CCK Receptors,Caerulein Receptors,Cholecystokinin Octapeptide Receptors,Cholecystokinin Receptors,Pancreozymin Receptors,Receptors, CCK,Receptors, Caerulein,Receptors, Pancreozymin,Receptors, Sincalide,Sincalide Receptors,CCK Receptor,CCK-4 Receptors,CCK-8 Receptors,Cholecystokinin Receptor,Receptors, CCK-4,Receptors, CCK-8,Receptors, Cholecystokinin Octapeptide,CCK 4 Receptors,CCK 8 Receptors,Octapeptide Receptors, Cholecystokinin,Receptor, CCK,Receptor, Cholecystokinin,Receptors, CCK 4,Receptors, CCK 8
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002766	Cholecystokinin	A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety.	Pancreozymin,CCK-33,Cholecystokinin 33,Uropancreozymin
D005260	Female		Females
D006339	Heart Rate	The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.	Cardiac Rate,Chronotropism, Cardiac,Heart Rate Control,Heartbeat,Pulse Rate,Cardiac Chronotropy,Cardiac Chronotropism,Cardiac Rates,Chronotropy, Cardiac,Control, Heart Rate,Heart Rates,Heartbeats,Pulse Rates,Rate Control, Heart,Rate, Cardiac,Rate, Heart,Rate, Pulse
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man