Physical aspects of the laboratory environment, such as type of cage or bedding, are often ignored by investigators but may be quite important for the animals. We examined whether golden hamsters preferred living in wire mesh floored, stainless steel cages or solid floored, plastic cages with corn-cob litter. Forty hamsters of 2 ages were housed in wire or solid floored cages for 3 weeks. Caging preference was then tested using a choice apparatus in which hamsters could move freely between the 2 cages for 6 days. Scan data were collected on cage occupation and behaviour. Results showed that most hamsters preferred the solid floored cage with litter, but prolonged experience on wire led to a wire floored cage preference in 40% of these animals. Also, wire-housed hamsters showed higher levels of hoarding and lower levels of gnawing behaviour during testing, and spent significantly different amounts of time from litter-housed hamsters performing sleeping, exploring, grooming, gnawing, eating, and hoarding behaviours while on solid floored cages with litter. This study shows that previous housing condition can affect cage preferences and behaviour and supports the assertion that husbandry practices can be better evaluated by asking laboratory animals, rather than only humans, how their living conditions are perceived.