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Major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in horses infected with equine herpesvirus 1. 1995

G Allen, and M Yeargan, and L R Costa, and R Cross
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546.

An experimental system that permits sensitive and reproducible detection of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity in the horse was developed. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from immune horses were restimulated in vitro by culture with live EHV-1. Cytotoxic activity against virus-infected, pokeweed mitogen-stimulated lymphoblast targets was assessed in a 4-h 51Cr release assay. The optimal conditions for in vitro stimulation of equine memory CTLs and for preparation of EHV-1-infected target cells expressing viral antigens were systematically identified by individually testing the effects of variations in responder cell concentration, culture medium composition, serum type, incubation time, antigen form, and exogenous mediator content. By using this optimized system for generation and assay of equine CTLs, the development of EHV-1-specific cytotoxic responses in 12 horses was evaluated after experimental viral infection. CTLs with the capacity for killing EHV-1-infected target cells were detected in equine PBMC as early as 1 week postinfection, reached maximal levels by 2 to 3 weeks, and remained detectable for a year after infection. Equine effector cells mediating lysis of EHV-1-infected targets were predominantly CD8+ T lymphocytes, and the cytotoxicity was specific for virus and restricted by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. The results define a reliable and convenient experimental system for generation and assay of EHV-1 CTLs which can now be used for more-detailed characterization of the equine CTL response to infection by this herpesvirus pathogen.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008213 Lymphocyte Activation Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION. Blast Transformation,Blastogenesis,Lymphoblast Transformation,Lymphocyte Stimulation,Lymphocyte Transformation,Transformation, Blast,Transformation, Lymphoblast,Transformation, Lymphocyte,Activation, Lymphocyte,Stimulation, Lymphocyte
D003602 Cytotoxicity, Immunologic The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement. Tumoricidal Activity, Immunologic,Immunologic Cytotoxicity,Immunologic Tumoricidal Activities,Immunologic Tumoricidal Activity,Tumoricidal Activities, Immunologic
D004861 Herpesvirus 1, Equid A species of VARICELLOVIRUS causing abortion and respiratory disease in horses. Equine Herpesvirus 1,Equine abortion Virus,EHV-1,Equid Herpesvirus 1,Herpesvirus 1 (alpha), Equine,Equine abortion Viruses,Herpesvirus 1, Equine
D005260 Female Females
D006566 Herpesviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the HERPESVIRIDAE. Herpesvirus Infections,B Virus Infection,Infections, Herpesviridae,Infections, Herpesvirus,B Virus Infections,Herpesviridae Infection,Herpesvirus Infection,Infection, B Virus,Infection, Herpesviridae,Infection, Herpesvirus,Infections, B Virus
D006736 Horses Large, hoofed mammals of the family EQUIDAE. Horses are active day and night with most of the day spent seeking and consuming food. Feeding peaks occur in the early morning and late afternoon, and there are several daily periods of rest. Equus caballus,Equus przewalskii,Horse, Domestic,Domestic Horse,Domestic Horses,Horse,Horses, Domestic
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013602 T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2. Cell-Mediated Lympholytic Cells,Cytotoxic T Cells,Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte,Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes,TC1 Cell,TC1 Cells,TC2 Cell,TC2 Cells,Cell Mediated Lympholytic Cells,Cell, Cell-Mediated Lympholytic,Cell, TC1,Cell, TC2,Cell-Mediated Lympholytic Cell,Cytotoxic T Cell,Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes,Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte,Lymphocyte, Cytotoxic T,Lympholytic Cell, Cell-Mediated,Lympholytic Cells, Cell-Mediated,T Cell, Cytotoxic,T Lymphocyte, Cytotoxic,T Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic,T-Lymphocyte, Cytotoxic
D015395 Histocompatibility Antigens Class I Membrane glycoproteins consisting of an alpha subunit and a BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN beta subunit. In humans, highly polymorphic genes on CHROMOSOME 6 encode the alpha subunits of class I antigens and play an important role in determining the serological specificity of the surface antigen. Class I antigens are found on most nucleated cells and are generally detected by their reactivity with alloantisera. These antigens are recognized during GRAFT REJECTION and restrict cell-mediated lysis of virus-infected cells. Class I Antigen,Class I Antigens,Class I Histocompatibility Antigen,Class I MHC Protein,Class I Major Histocompatibility Antigen,MHC Class I Molecule,MHC-I Peptide,Class I Histocompatibility Antigens,Class I Human Antigens,Class I MHC Proteins,Class I Major Histocompatibility Antigens,Class I Major Histocompatibility Molecules,Human Class I Antigens,MHC Class I Molecules,MHC-I Molecules,MHC-I Peptides,Antigen, Class I,Antigens, Class I,I Antigen, Class,MHC I Molecules,MHC I Peptide,MHC I Peptides,Molecules, MHC-I,Peptide, MHC-I,Peptides, MHC-I

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