Dissecting the centromere of the human Y chromosome with cloned telomeric DNA. 1994

K E Brown, and M A Barnett, and C Burgtorf, and P Shaw, and V J Buckle, and W R Brown
Biochemistry Department, Oxford University, UK.

We have used telomeric DNA to break the human Y chromosome within the centromeric array of alphoid satellite DNA and have created two derivative chromosomes; one consists of the short arm and 140 kb of alphoid DNA, the other consists of the long arm and 480 kb of alphoid DNA. Both segregate accurately at mitosis. It is known that there is no large scale sequence duplication around the alphoid DNA and so the simplest interpretation of our results is that the sequence responsible for accurate segregation is the alphoid DNA itself. Although the long arm acrocentric derivative segregates accurately it lags with respect to the other chromosomes in about 10% of anaphase cells and thus additional sequences may be required for orderly segregation. The short arm acrocentric chromosome is probably no larger than 12 Mb in size and thus our results also demonstrate that chromosomes of this size are capable of accurate segregation.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D002478 Cells, Cultured Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D002503 Centromere The clear constricted portion of the chromosome at which the chromatids are joined and by which the chromosome is attached to the spindle during cell division. Centromeres
D003001 Cloning, Molecular The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells. Molecular Cloning
D004247 DNA A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine). DNA, Double-Stranded,Deoxyribonucleic Acid,ds-DNA,DNA, Double Stranded,Double-Stranded DNA,ds DNA
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014998 Y Chromosome The male sex chromosome, being the differential sex chromosome carried by half the male gametes and none of the female gametes in humans and in some other male-heterogametic species in which the homologue of the X chromosome has been retained. Chromosome, Y,Chromosomes, Y,Y Chromosomes
D015183 Restriction Mapping Use of restriction endonucleases to analyze and generate a physical map of genomes, genes, or other segments of DNA. Endonuclease Mapping, Restriction,Enzyme Mapping, Restriction,Site Mapping, Restriction,Analysis, Restriction Enzyme,Enzyme Analysis, Restriction,Restriction Enzyme Analysis,Analyses, Restriction Enzyme,Endonuclease Mappings, Restriction,Enzyme Analyses, Restriction,Enzyme Mappings, Restriction,Mapping, Restriction,Mapping, Restriction Endonuclease,Mapping, Restriction Enzyme,Mapping, Restriction Site,Mappings, Restriction,Mappings, Restriction Endonuclease,Mappings, Restriction Enzyme,Mappings, Restriction Site,Restriction Endonuclease Mapping,Restriction Endonuclease Mappings,Restriction Enzyme Analyses,Restriction Enzyme Mapping,Restriction Enzyme Mappings,Restriction Mappings,Restriction Site Mapping,Restriction Site Mappings,Site Mappings, Restriction
D016615 Telomere A terminal section of a chromosome which has a specialized structure and which is involved in chromosomal replication and stability. Its length is believed to be a few hundred base pairs. Telomeres

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