Biomaterial Database

Cochlear implantation and variation of facial nerve anatomy: a case report. 1994

D A Liening, and M Haupert, and J Kartush

Cochlear implantation becomes more common with every passing year. Since adequate exposure of the round window requires a facial recess approach, facial nerve variation and anomalies could potentially alter the surgical approach significantly. We report the case of a patient with a variation of facial nerve anatomy. The nerve was found to be lateral to the annulus in its mastoid segment and required retrofacial dissection to approach the round window. A good result was achieved in this patient, demonstrating that facial nerve anomalies need not be a barrier to successful implantation. The reported congenital anomalies of the facial nerve are discussed, along with their influence on cochlear implantation. A knowledge of these variations is mandatory for those engaged in implant surgery.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008416	Mastoid	The posterior part of the temporal bone. It is a projection of the petrous bone.	Mastoid Foramen,Mastoid Bone,Mastoid Process,Bone, Mastoid,Foramen, Mastoid,Mastoid Bones,Mastoid Processes,Mastoids,Process, Mastoid
D001845	Bone Cysts	Benign unilocular lytic areas in the proximal end of a long bone with well defined and narrow endosteal margins. The cysts contain fluid and the cyst walls may contain some giant cells. Bone cysts usually occur in males between the ages 3-15 years.	Ganglia, Intraosseous,Intraosseous Ganglion,Solitary Cysts,Subchondral Cysts,Ganglia, Intra-Osseous,Ganglion, Intra-Osseous,Intra-Osseous Ganglia,Intra-Osseous Ganglion,Bone Cyst,Cyst, Bone,Cyst, Solitary,Cyst, Subchondral,Cysts, Bone,Cysts, Solitary,Cysts, Subchondral,Ganglia, Intra Osseous,Ganglias, Intra-Osseous,Ganglias, Intraosseous,Ganglion, Intra Osseous,Ganglion, Intraosseous,Ganglions, Intra-Osseous,Intra Osseous Ganglia,Intra Osseous Ganglion,Intra-Osseous Ganglias,Intra-Osseous Ganglions,Intraosseous Ganglia,Intraosseous Ganglias,Intraosseous Ganglions,Solitary Cyst,Subchondral Cyst
D003054	Cochlear Implants	Electronic hearing devices typically used for patients with normal outer and middle ear function, but defective inner ear function. In the COCHLEA, the hair cells (HAIR CELLS, VESTIBULAR) may be absent or damaged but there are residual nerve fibers. The device electrically stimulates the COCHLEAR NERVE to create sound sensation.	Auditory Prosthesis,Cochlear Prosthesis,Implants, Cochlear,Auditory Prostheses,Cochlear Implant,Cochlear Prostheses,Implant, Cochlear,Prostheses, Auditory,Prostheses, Cochlear,Prosthesis, Auditory,Prosthesis, Cochlear
D004576	Electromyography	Recording of the changes in electric potential of muscle by means of surface or needle electrodes.	Electromyogram,Surface Electromyography,Electromyograms,Electromyographies,Electromyographies, Surface,Electromyography, Surface,Surface Electromyographies
D005154	Facial Nerve	The 7th cranial nerve. The facial nerve has two parts, the larger motor root which may be called the facial nerve proper, and the smaller intermediate or sensory root. Together they provide efferent innervation to the muscles of facial expression and to the lacrimal and SALIVARY GLANDS, and convey afferent information for TASTE from the anterior two-thirds of the TONGUE and for TOUCH from the EXTERNAL EAR.	Cranial Nerve VII,Marginal Mandibular Branch,Marginal Mandibular Nerve,Seventh Cranial Nerve,Nerve VII,Nerve of Wrisberg,Nervus Facialis,Nervus Intermedius,Nervus Intermedius of Wrisberg,Cranial Nerve VIIs,Cranial Nerve, Seventh,Facial Nerves,Mandibular Nerve, Marginal,Mandibular Nerves, Marginal,Marginal Mandibular Nerves,Nerve VIIs,Nerve, Facial,Nerve, Marginal Mandibular,Nerve, Seventh Cranial,Nerves, Marginal Mandibular,Nervus Faciali,Seventh Cranial Nerves,Wrisberg Nerve,Wrisberg Nervus Intermedius
D006319	Hearing Loss, Sensorineural	Hearing loss resulting from damage to the COCHLEA and the sensorineural elements which lie internally beyond the oval and round windows. These elements include the AUDITORY NERVE and its connections in the BRAINSTEM.	Deafness Neurosensory,Deafness, Neurosensory,Deafness, Sensoryneural,Neurosensory Deafness,Sensorineural Hearing Loss,Sensoryneural Deafness,Cochlear Hearing Loss,Hearing Loss, Cochlear,Deafnesses, Neurosensory,Deafnesses, Sensoryneural,Neurosensory Deafnesses,Sensoryneural Deafness,Sensoryneural Deafnesses
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults
D013524	Surgical Flaps	Tongues of skin and subcutaneous tissue, sometimes including muscle, cut away from the underlying parts but often still attached at one end. They retain their own microvasculature which is also transferred to the new site. They are often used in plastic surgery for filling a defect in a neighboring region.	Island Flap,Island Flaps,Flap, Surgical,Flaps, Surgical,Pedicled Flap,Surgical Flap,Flap, Island,Flap, Pedicled,Flaps, Island,Flaps, Pedicled,Pedicled Flaps