Biomaterial Database

[Lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein A-I and reverse transport of cholesterol]. 1994

J C Fruchart

SERLIA et Unité Inserm, Institut Pasteur, Lille.

The antiatherogenic HDLs are heterogeneous in terms both of hydrated density and of lipoprotein composition. The LpA-I and LpA-I: A-II particles seem to be different from a metabolic point of view, and LpA-I and LpA-IV are apparently the only ones involved in the antiatherogenic action of HDLs. Alcohol consumption causes an increase in LpA-I: A-II, but not in LpA-I. Specific HDL binding sites have been demonstrated in various tissues, including steroidogenic tissues, liver cells and peripheral cells. Apolipoproteins A-I, A-IV and A-II are possible ligands. After binding to the uptake site, HDLs allow cholesterol supply to the cells, on one hand, and the removal of cholesterol for "reverse cholesterol transport" from peripheral tissues to the liver on the other hand. In addition, the interaction of the various HDL subfractions can cause different metabolic effects: cholesterol efflux from the adipocytes of cholesterol-laden mice is influenced by the uptake of LpA-I and LpA-IV on receptors, while apolipoproteins A-II are antagonists for this effect.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008075	Lipoproteins, HDL	A class of lipoproteins of small size (4-13 nm) and dense (greater than 1.063 g/ml) particles. HDL lipoproteins, synthesized in the liver without a lipid core, accumulate cholesterol esters from peripheral tissues and transport them to the liver for re-utilization or elimination from the body (the reverse cholesterol transport). Their major protein component is APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I. HDL also shuttle APOLIPOPROTEINS C and APOLIPOPROTEINS E to and from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins during their catabolism. HDL plasma level has been inversely correlated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases.	High Density Lipoprotein,High-Density Lipoprotein,High-Density Lipoproteins,alpha-Lipoprotein,alpha-Lipoproteins,Heavy Lipoproteins,alpha-1 Lipoprotein,Density Lipoprotein, High,HDL Lipoproteins,High Density Lipoproteins,Lipoprotein, High Density,Lipoprotein, High-Density,Lipoproteins, Heavy,Lipoproteins, High-Density,alpha Lipoprotein,alpha Lipoproteins
D002784	Cholesterol	The principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.	Epicholesterol
D001692	Biological Transport	The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.	Transport, Biological,Biologic Transport,Transport, Biologic
D016632	Apolipoprotein A-I	The most abundant protein component of HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS or HDL. This protein serves as an acceptor for CHOLESTEROL released from cells thus promoting efflux of cholesterol to HDL then to the LIVER for excretion from the body (reverse cholesterol transport). It also acts as a cofactor for LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE that forms CHOLESTEROL ESTERS on the HDL particles. Mutations of this gene APOA1 cause HDL deficiency, such as in FAMILIAL ALPHA LIPOPROTEIN DEFICIENCY DISEASE and in some patients with TANGIER DISEASE.	Apo A-I,Apo A-1,Apo A-I Isoproteins,Apo A1,Apo AI,ApoA-1,ApoA-I,Apolipoprotein A-1,Apolipoprotein A-I Isoprotein-2,Apolipoprotein A-I Isoprotein-4,Apolipoprotein A-I Isoproteins,Apolipoprotein A1,Apolipoprotein AI,Apolipoprotein AI Propeptide,Pro-Apo A-I,Pro-Apolipoprotein A-I,Proapolipoprotein AI,Apo A I Isoproteins,Apolipoprotein A 1,Apolipoprotein A I,Apolipoprotein A I Isoprotein 2,Apolipoprotein A I Isoprotein 4,Apolipoprotein A I Isoproteins,Pro Apo A I,Pro Apolipoprotein A I