Biomaterial Database

Regulation of expression of cell surface neolacto-glycolipids and cloning of embryonic chicken brain GalT-4 (UDP-Gal: GlcNAc-R beta 1-4 galactosyltransferase). 1993

S Basu, and S Ghosh, and S S Basu, and J W Kyle, and Z Li, and M Basu

Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556.

The biosynthesis of GM1 ganglioside (Gal beta 1-3GalNAc beta 1-4 (NeuAc alpha 2-3) Gal beta 1-4Glc-Cer) and nLcOse4Cer is catalyzed by two different beta-galactosyltransferases GalT-3 (UDP-Gal: GM2 beta 1-3GalT) and GalT-4 (UDP-Gal: Lc3 beta 1-4GalT) respectively. Solubilized GalT-3 and GalT-4 have been purified 3,000-fold and 22,000-fold, respectively, from 11-19-day-old embryonic chicken brain. The purified GalT-3 transfers galactose to GM2 very actively (Km 33 microM), whereas acetyl GM2 is not an active substrate (Km 350 microM), GalT-3 and GalT-4 are classified as HYCARS (hydrophobic recognition site) and CARS (carbohydrate recognition sites), respectively. An anion-transport inhibitor DIDS (diisothiocyanato stilbene 4,4'-disulphonate), irreversibly inhibits both GalT-3 and GalT-4 activities by binding to a UDP binding site. Polyclonal antibodies against purified GalT-3 and GalT-4 inhibited these two purified activities and showed no cross reactivity on the western blots. RNA-PCR of 11-day-old embryonic chicken brain mRNA with PCR primers designed from the homologous coding regions of cloned sequences of beta 1-4 GalT of human, bovine, and murine-tissues produced a -600 bp cDNA fragment. Dideoxy-sequences of this fragment reveals it to be 74% similar to the nucleotide sequences of the cloned beta 1-4GalT from human liver. The cloned-600 bp cDNA was used to identify two mRNA transcripts (1.4 and 2.3 kb) from ECB by Northern blot analysis and four genomic DNA EcoRI fragments (18.6, 12.9, 10.5 and 3.7 kb) on a Southern blot analysis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D011994	Recombinant Proteins	Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.	Biosynthetic Protein,Biosynthetic Proteins,DNA Recombinant Proteins,Recombinant Protein,Proteins, Biosynthetic,Proteins, Recombinant DNA,DNA Proteins, Recombinant,Protein, Biosynthetic,Protein, Recombinant,Proteins, DNA Recombinant,Proteins, Recombinant,Recombinant DNA Proteins,Recombinant Proteins, DNA
D001921	Brain	The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.	Encephalon
D002240	Carbohydrate Sequence	The sequence of carbohydrates within POLYSACCHARIDES; GLYCOPROTEINS; and GLYCOLIPIDS.	Carbohydrate Sequences,Sequence, Carbohydrate,Sequences, Carbohydrate
D002642	Chick Embryo	The developmental entity of a fertilized chicken egg (ZYGOTE). The developmental process begins about 24 h before the egg is laid at the BLASTODISC, a small whitish spot on the surface of the EGG YOLK. After 21 days of incubation, the embryo is fully developed before hatching.	Embryo, Chick,Chick Embryos,Embryos, Chick
D003001	Cloning, Molecular	The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.	Molecular Cloning
D005677	G(M1) Ganglioside	A specific monosialoganglioside that accumulates abnormally within the nervous system due to a deficiency of GM1-b-galactosidase, resulting in GM1 gangliosidosis.	GM1 Ganglioside,Monosialosyl Tetraglycosyl Ceramide,GM1a Monosialoganglioside,Ceramide, Monosialosyl Tetraglycosyl,Ganglioside, GM1,Monosialoganglioside, GM1a,Tetraglycosyl Ceramide, Monosialosyl
D005700	Galactosyltransferases	Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of galactose from a nucleoside diphosphate galactose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate. EC 2.4.1.-.	Galactosyltransferase
D006017	Glycolipids	Any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic moiety such as an acylglycerol (see GLYCERIDES), a sphingoid, a ceramide (CERAMIDES) (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate. (From IUPAC's webpage)	Glycolipid