Biomaterial Database

The yeast and mammalian Ras pathways control transcription of heat shock genes independently of heat shock transcription factor. 1994

D Engelberg, and E Zandi, and C S Parker, and M Karin

Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0636.

Yeast strains in which the Ras-cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway is constitutively active are sensitive to heat shock, whereas mutants in which the activity of this pathway is low are hyperresistant to heat shock. To determine the molecular basis for these differences, we examined the transcriptional induction of heat shock genes in various yeast strains. Activation of heat shock genes was attenuated in the strains in which the Ras-cAMP pathway is constitutively active. In contrast, in a strain deficient in cAMP production, several heat shock genes were induced by removal of cAMP from the medium. These results indicate that the Ras-cAMP pathway affects the induction of heat shock genes. In all of the mutants, heat shock transcription factor expression and activity were identical to those in wild-type cells. The response to heat shock in Ha-ras-transformed rat fibroblasts was also studied. While no induction of Hsp68 was observed in Ha-ras-transformed cells, proper regulation of heat shock transcription factor was found. Therefore, in mammals, as in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Ras pathway controls the transcription of heat shock genes via a mechanism not involving the heat shock transcription factor.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008322	Mammals	Warm-blooded vertebrate animals belonging to the class Mammalia, including all that possess hair and suckle their young.	Mammalia,Mammal
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D011905	Genes, ras	Family of retrovirus-associated DNA sequences (ras) originally isolated from Harvey (H-ras, Ha-ras, rasH) and Kirsten (K-ras, Ki-ras, rasK) murine sarcoma viruses. Ras genes are widely conserved among animal species and sequences corresponding to both H-ras and K-ras genes have been detected in human, avian, murine, and non-vertebrate genomes. The closely related N-ras gene has been detected in human neuroblastoma and sarcoma cell lines. All genes of the family have a similar exon-intron structure and each encodes a p21 protein.	Ha-ras Genes,Ki-ras Genes,N-ras Genes,c-Ha-ras Genes,c-Ki-ras Genes,c-N-ras Genes,ras Genes,v-Ha-ras Genes,v-Ki-ras Genes,H-ras Genes,H-ras Oncogenes,Ha-ras Oncogenes,K-ras Genes,K-ras Oncogenes,Ki-ras Oncogenes,N-ras Oncogenes,c-H-ras Genes,c-H-ras Proto-Oncogenes,c-Ha-ras Proto-Oncogenes,c-K-ras Genes,c-K-ras Proto-Oncogenes,c-Ki-ras Proto-Oncogenes,c-N-ras Proto-Oncogenes,ras Oncogene,v-H-ras Genes,v-H-ras Oncogenes,v-Ha-ras Oncogenes,v-K-ras Genes,v-K-ras Oncogenes,v-Ki-ras Oncogenes,Gene, Ha-ras,Gene, Ki-ras,Gene, v-Ha-ras,Gene, v-Ki-ras,Genes, Ha-ras,Genes, Ki-ras,Genes, N-ras,Genes, v-Ha-ras,Genes, v-Ki-ras,H ras Genes,H ras Oncogenes,H-ras Gene,H-ras Oncogene,Ha ras Genes,Ha ras Oncogenes,Ha-ras Gene,Ha-ras Oncogene,K ras Genes,K ras Oncogenes,K-ras Gene,K-ras Oncogene,Ki ras Genes,Ki ras Oncogenes,Ki-ras Gene,Ki-ras Oncogene,N ras Genes,N ras Oncogenes,N-ras Gene,N-ras Oncogene,c H ras Genes,c H ras Proto Oncogenes,c Ha ras Genes,c Ha ras Proto Oncogenes,c K ras Genes,c K ras Proto Oncogenes,c Ki ras Genes,c Ki ras Proto Oncogenes,c N ras Genes,c N ras Proto Oncogenes,c-H-ras Gene,c-H-ras Proto-Oncogene,c-Ha-ras Gene,c-Ha-ras Proto-Oncogene,c-K-ras Gene,c-K-ras Proto-Oncogene,c-Ki-ras Gene,c-Ki-ras Proto-Oncogene,c-N-ras Gene,c-N-ras Proto-Oncogene,ras Gene,ras Oncogenes,v H ras Genes,v H ras Oncogenes,v Ha ras Genes,v Ha ras Oncogenes,v K ras Genes,v K ras Oncogenes,v Ki ras Genes,v Ki ras Oncogenes,v-H-ras Gene,v-H-ras Oncogene,v-Ha-ras Gene,v-Ha-ras Oncogene,v-K-ras Gene,v-K-ras Oncogene,v-Ki-ras Gene,v-Ki-ras Oncogene
D002461	Cell Line, Transformed	Eukaryotic cell line obtained in a quiescent or stationary phase which undergoes conversion to a state of unregulated growth in culture, resembling an in vitro tumor. It occurs spontaneously or through interaction with viruses, oncogenes, radiation, or drugs/chemicals.	Transformed Cell Line,Cell Lines, Transformed,Transformed Cell Lines
D002467	Cell Nucleus	Within a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-limited body which contains chromosomes and one or more nucleoli (CELL NUCLEOLUS). The nuclear membrane consists of a double unit-type membrane which is perforated by a number of pores; the outermost membrane is continuous with the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. A cell may contain more than one nucleus. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)	Cell Nuclei,Nuclei, Cell,Nucleus, Cell
D004268	DNA-Binding Proteins	Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.	DNA Helix Destabilizing Proteins,DNA-Binding Protein,Single-Stranded DNA Binding Proteins,DNA Binding Protein,DNA Single-Stranded Binding Protein,SS DNA BP,Single-Stranded DNA-Binding Protein,Binding Protein, DNA,DNA Binding Proteins,DNA Single Stranded Binding Protein,DNA-Binding Protein, Single-Stranded,Protein, DNA-Binding,Single Stranded DNA Binding Protein,Single Stranded DNA Binding Proteins
D005347	Fibroblasts	Connective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.	Fibroblast
D005656	Fungal Proteins	Proteins found in any species of fungus.	Fungal Gene Products,Fungal Gene Proteins,Fungal Peptides,Gene Products, Fungal,Yeast Proteins,Gene Proteins, Fungal,Peptides, Fungal,Proteins, Fungal
D005786	Gene Expression Regulation	Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.	Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D005800	Genes, Fungal	The functional hereditary units of FUNGI.	Fungal Genes,Fungal Gene,Gene, Fungal