The effects of halothane and isoflurane on cerebrocortical microcirculation and autoregulation as assessed by laser-Doppler flowmetry. 1994

J G Lee, and A G Hudetz, and J J Smith, and C J Hillard, and Z J Bosnjak, and J P Kampine
Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.

The effects of volatile anesthetics on red blood cell flow in the cerebral microcirculation have not been compared. We used laser-Doppler flowmetry, which measures red blood cell flow in the microcirculation to compare the effects of differing concentrations of isoflurane and halothane on cerebrocortical microcirculation. Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital (65 mg/kg intraperitoneally). The animals were tracheotomized, paralyzed, and artificially ventilated. In the first protocol laser-Doppler flow (LDF) was recorded at 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) halothane or isoflurane, with blood pressure controlled by intravenous phenylephrine infusion (0.5-5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1). In the second protocol the effects of 0.5 and 1.5 MAC halothane and isoflurane on LDF changes in response to changes in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) were compared. MABP was increased by phenylephrine infusion and decreased by hemorrhage. LDF increased with each 0.5 MAC increase in halothane and isoflurane concentration (P < 0.05). LDF was greater at 1.5 and 2 MAC isoflurane than at equi-MAC halothane (P < 0.01). Autoregulation of LDF was present but attenuated at MABP of 60-140 mm Hg at low halothane and isoflurane concentrations. LDF was increased at 1.5 MAC vs 0.5 MAC for both drugs (P < 0.01). The autoregulation coefficients (percent LDF change/mm Hg MABP change) were 0.41 +/- 0.10, 0.42 +/- 0.07, 0.27 +/- 0.04, and 0.20 +/- 0.05 at 0.5 MAC halothane, 0.5 MAC isoflurane, 1.5 MAC halothane, and 1.5 MAC isoflurane, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007530 Isoflurane A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.
D008297 Male Males
D008833 Microcirculation The circulation of the BLOOD through the MICROVASCULAR NETWORK. Microvascular Blood Flow,Microvascular Circulation,Blood Flow, Microvascular,Circulation, Microvascular,Flow, Microvascular Blood,Microvascular Blood Flows,Microvascular Circulations
D010296 Parietal Lobe Upper central part of the cerebral hemisphere. It is located posterior to central sulcus, anterior to the OCCIPITAL LOBE, and superior to the TEMPORAL LOBES. Brodmann Area 39,Brodmann Area 40,Brodmann Area 5,Brodmann Area 7,Brodmann's Area 39,Brodmann's Area 40,Brodmann's Area 5,Brodmann's Area 7,Inferior Parietal Cortex,Secondary Sensorimotor Cortex,Superior Parietal Lobule,Angular Gyrus,Gyrus Angularis,Gyrus Supramarginalis,Intraparietal Sulcus,Marginal Sulcus,Parietal Cortex,Parietal Lobule,Parietal Region,Posterior Paracentral Lobule,Posterior Parietal Cortex,Praecuneus,Precuneus,Precuneus Cortex,Prelunate Gyrus,Supramarginal Gyrus,Area 39, Brodmann,Area 39, Brodmann's,Area 40, Brodmann,Area 40, Brodmann's,Area 5, Brodmann,Area 5, Brodmann's,Area 7, Brodmann,Area 7, Brodmann's,Brodmanns Area 39,Brodmanns Area 40,Brodmanns Area 5,Brodmanns Area 7,Cortex, Inferior Parietal,Cortex, Parietal,Cortex, Posterior Parietal,Cortex, Precuneus,Cortex, Secondary Sensorimotor,Cortices, Inferior Parietal,Gyrus, Angular,Gyrus, Prelunate,Gyrus, Supramarginal,Inferior Parietal Cortices,Lobe, Parietal,Lobule, Parietal,Lobule, Posterior Paracentral,Lobule, Superior Parietal,Paracentral Lobule, Posterior,Paracentral Lobules, Posterior,Parietal Cortex, Inferior,Parietal Cortex, Posterior,Parietal Cortices,Parietal Cortices, Inferior,Parietal Cortices, Posterior,Parietal Lobes,Parietal Lobule, Superior,Parietal Lobules,Parietal Lobules, Superior,Parietal Regions,Posterior Paracentral Lobules,Posterior Parietal Cortices,Precuneus Cortices,Region, Parietal,Secondary Sensorimotor Cortices,Sensorimotor Cortex, Secondary,Superior Parietal Lobules
D001794 Blood Pressure PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS. Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002560 Cerebrovascular Circulation The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN. Brain Blood Flow,Regional Cerebral Blood Flow,Cerebral Blood Flow,Cerebral Circulation,Cerebral Perfusion Pressure,Circulation, Cerebrovascular,Blood Flow, Brain,Blood Flow, Cerebral,Brain Blood Flows,Cerebral Blood Flows,Cerebral Circulations,Cerebral Perfusion Pressures,Circulation, Cerebral,Flow, Brain Blood,Flow, Cerebral Blood,Perfusion Pressure, Cerebral,Pressure, Cerebral Perfusion
D004305 Dose-Response Relationship, Drug The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug. Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D004912 Erythrocytes Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN. Blood Cells, Red,Blood Corpuscles, Red,Red Blood Cells,Red Blood Corpuscles,Blood Cell, Red,Blood Corpuscle, Red,Erythrocyte,Red Blood Cell,Red Blood Corpuscle
D006221 Halothane A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178) 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2-Chloro-2-Bromoethane,Fluothane,Ftorotan,Narcotan
D006706 Homeostasis The processes whereby the internal environment of an organism tends to remain balanced and stable. Autoregulation

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