BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Synergistic action of cholera toxin B subunit (and Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin B subunit) and a trace amount of cholera whole toxin as an adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine. 1994

S Tamura, and A Yamanaka, and M Shimohara, and T Tomita, and K Komase, and Y Tsuda, and Y Suzuki, and T Nagamine, and K Kawahara, and H Danbara
Department of Pathology, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan.

Cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) and Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (LTB) (2 micrograms), each supplemented with a trace amount of cholera toxin (CT) (0.02-20 ng), were examined for the adjuvant effect on antibody (Ab) response against influenza inactivated HA (haemagglutinin) vaccine in Balb/c mice. Each mouse received a primary intranasal (i.n.) inoculation of the vaccine (1.5 micrograms) and the CT-containing CTB and in 4 weeks a second i.n. inoculation of the vaccine alone. The primary inoculation of the vaccine with CTB alone did not induce either anti-HA IgA or IgG Ab response, or haemagglutination-inhibition Ab responses in the serum. The vaccine with less than 2 ng of CT also failed to induce Ab response. On the other hand, the vaccine with CT-containing CTB induced a high Ab response, which increased depending on the CT dose. Moreover, the second vaccine induced a response more than ten times higher than the primary one and the response increased depending on the CT dose. Similar enhancement was found in the local anti-HA IgA Ab response in the nasal wash. Such synergistic effects were observed also between LTB and CT. The amount of Ab produced by the synergism was considered to be enough to protect against virus infection. These results suggest that CTB (or LTB) containing a trace amount of CT (about 0.1%) can be used practically as a potent adjuvant for nasal vaccination of humans against influenza.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007070 Immunoglobulin A Represents 15-20% of the human serum immunoglobulins, mostly as the 4-chain polymer in humans or dimer in other mammals. Secretory IgA (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A, SECRETORY) is the main immunoglobulin in secretions. IgA,IgA Antibody,IgA1,IgA2,Antibody, IgA
D007074 Immunoglobulin G The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B. Gamma Globulin, 7S,IgG,IgG Antibody,Allerglobuline,IgG(T),IgG1,IgG2,IgG2A,IgG2B,IgG3,IgG4,Immunoglobulin GT,Polyglobin,7S Gamma Globulin,Antibody, IgG,GT, Immunoglobulin
D007252 Influenza Vaccines Vaccines used to prevent infection by viruses in the family ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE. It includes both killed and attenuated vaccines. The composition of the vaccines is changed each year in response to antigenic shifts and changes in prevalence of influenza virus strains. The flu vaccines may be mono- or multi-valent, which contains one or more ALPHAINFLUENZAVIRUS and BETAINFLUENZAVIRUS strains. Flu Vaccine,Influenzavirus Vaccine,Monovalent Influenza Vaccine,Universal Flu Vaccine,Universal Influenza Vaccine,Flu Vaccines,High-Dose Trivalent Influenza Vaccine,Influenza Vaccine,Influenza Virus Vaccine,Influenza Virus Vaccines,Influenzavirus Vaccines,Intranasal Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccine,LAIV Vaccine,Monovalent Influenza Vaccines,Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine,Trivalent Influenza Vaccine,Trivalent Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine,Universal Flu Vaccines,Universal Influenza Vaccines,Flu Vaccine, Universal,High Dose Trivalent Influenza Vaccine,Influenza Vaccine, Monovalent,Influenza Vaccine, Quadrivalent,Influenza Vaccine, Trivalent,Influenza Vaccine, Universal,Intranasal Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine,Vaccine, Flu,Vaccine, Influenza,Vaccine, Influenza Virus,Vaccine, Influenzavirus,Vaccine, LAIV,Vaccine, Monovalent Influenza,Vaccine, Quadrivalent Influenza,Vaccine, Trivalent Influenza,Virus Vaccine, Influenza
D008807 Mice, Inbred BALB C An inbred strain of mouse that is widely used in IMMUNOLOGY studies and cancer research. BALB C Mice, Inbred,BALB C Mouse, Inbred,Inbred BALB C Mice,Inbred BALB C Mouse,Mice, BALB C,Mouse, BALB C,Mouse, Inbred BALB C,BALB C Mice,BALB C Mouse
D009297 Nasal Mucosa The mucous lining of the NASAL CAVITY, including lining of the nostril (vestibule) and the OLFACTORY MUCOSA. Nasal mucosa consists of ciliated cells, GOBLET CELLS, brush cells, small granule cells, basal cells (STEM CELLS) and glands containing both mucous and serous cells. Nasal Epithelium,Schneiderian Membrane,Epithelium, Nasal,Membrane, Schneiderian,Mucosa, Nasal
D009980 Influenza A virus The type species of the genus ALPHAINFLUENZAVIRUS that causes influenza and other diseases in humans and animals. Antigenic variation occurs frequently between strains, allowing classification into subtypes and variants. Transmission is usually by aerosol (human and most non-aquatic hosts) or waterborne (ducks). Infected birds shed the virus in their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces. Alphainfluenzavirus influenzae,Avian Orthomyxovirus Type A,FLUAV,Fowl Plague Virus,Human Influenza A Virus,Influenza Virus Type A,Influenza Viruses Type A,Myxovirus influenzae-A hominis,Myxovirus influenzae-A suis,Myxovirus pestis galli,Orthomyxovirus Type A,Orthomyxovirus Type A, Avian,Orthomyxovirus Type A, Human,Orthomyxovirus Type A, Porcine,Pestis galli Myxovirus,Fowl Plague Viruses,Influenza A viruses,Myxovirus influenzae A hominis,Myxovirus influenzae A suis,Myxovirus, Pestis galli,Myxoviruses, Pestis galli,Pestis galli Myxoviruses,Plague Virus, Fowl,Virus, Fowl Plague
D002772 Cholera Toxin An ENTEROTOXIN from VIBRIO CHOLERAE. It consists of two major protomers, the heavy (H) or A subunit and the B protomer which consists of 5 light (L) or B subunits. The catalytic A subunit is proteolytically cleaved into fragments A1 and A2. The A1 fragment is a MONO(ADP-RIBOSE) TRANSFERASE. The B protomer binds cholera toxin to intestinal epithelial cells and facilitates the uptake of the A1 fragment. The A1 catalyzed transfer of ADP-RIBOSE to the alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G PROTEINS activates the production of CYCLIC AMP. Increased levels of cyclic AMP are thought to modulate release of fluid and electrolytes from intestinal crypt cells. Cholera Toxin A,Cholera Toxin B,Cholera Toxin Protomer A,Cholera Toxin Protomer B,Cholera Toxin Subunit A,Cholera Toxin Subunit B,Choleragen,Choleragenoid,Cholera Enterotoxin CT,Cholera Exotoxin,Cholera Toxin A Subunit,Cholera Toxin B Subunit,Procholeragenoid,Enterotoxin CT, Cholera,Exotoxin, Cholera,Toxin A, Cholera,Toxin B, Cholera,Toxin, Cholera
D004357 Drug Synergism The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug. Drug Potentiation,Drug Augmentation,Augmentation, Drug,Augmentations, Drug,Drug Augmentations,Drug Potentiations,Drug Synergisms,Potentiation, Drug,Potentiations, Drug,Synergism, Drug,Synergisms, Drug
D004768 Enterotoxins Substances that are toxic to the intestinal tract causing vomiting, diarrhea, etc.; most common enterotoxins are produced by bacteria. Staphylococcal Enterotoxin,Enterotoxin,Staphylococcal Enterotoxins,Enterotoxin, Staphylococcal,Enterotoxins, Staphylococcal
D004926 Escherichia coli A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc. Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli

Related Publications

S Tamura, and A Yamanaka, and M Shimohara, and T Tomita, and K Komase, and Y Tsuda, and Y Suzuki, and T Nagamine, and K Kawahara, and H Danbara
Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunits supplemented with a trace amount of the holotoxin as an adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine.
September 1994, Vaccine,
S Tamura, and A Yamanaka, and M Shimohara, and T Tomita, and K Komase, and Y Tsuda, and Y Suzuki, and T Nagamine, and K Kawahara, and H Danbara
Mutants of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin as an adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine.
January 1998, Vaccine,
S Tamura, and A Yamanaka, and M Shimohara, and T Tomita, and K Komase, and Y Tsuda, and Y Suzuki, and T Nagamine, and K Kawahara, and H Danbara
A proposal for safety standards for human use of cholera toxin (or Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin) derivatives as an adjuvant of nasal inactivated influenza vaccine.
June 2000, Japanese journal of infectious diseases,
S Tamura, and A Yamanaka, and M Shimohara, and T Tomita, and K Komase, and Y Tsuda, and Y Suzuki, and T Nagamine, and K Kawahara, and H Danbara
[Efficacy of nasal influenza vaccine combined with Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit containing a trace amount of the holotoxin in healthy volunteers].
February 1997, Kansenshogaku zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases,
S Tamura, and A Yamanaka, and M Shimohara, and T Tomita, and K Komase, and Y Tsuda, and Y Suzuki, and T Nagamine, and K Kawahara, and H Danbara
Nonclinical safety evaluation of Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin mucosal adjuvant as a component of a nasal influenza vaccine.
April 2003, Expert review of vaccines,
S Tamura, and A Yamanaka, and M Shimohara, and T Tomita, and K Komase, and Y Tsuda, and Y Suzuki, and T Nagamine, and K Kawahara, and H Danbara
Antibody responses in volunteers induced by nasal influenza vaccine combined with Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit containing a trace amount of the holotoxin.
February 1996, Vaccine,
S Tamura, and A Yamanaka, and M Shimohara, and T Tomita, and K Komase, and Y Tsuda, and Y Suzuki, and T Nagamine, and K Kawahara, and H Danbara
Effectiveness and safety of mutant Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT H44A) as an adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine.
February 2001, Vaccine,
S Tamura, and A Yamanaka, and M Shimohara, and T Tomita, and K Komase, and Y Tsuda, and Y Suzuki, and T Nagamine, and K Kawahara, and H Danbara
Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit is a more potent mucosal adjuvant than its vlosely related homologue, the B subunit of cholera toxin.
May 2001, Infection and immunity,
S Tamura, and A Yamanaka, and M Shimohara, and T Tomita, and K Komase, and Y Tsuda, and Y Suzuki, and T Nagamine, and K Kawahara, and H Danbara
Mutants of cholera toxin as an effective and safe adjuvant for nasal influenza vaccine.
July 1999, Vaccine,
S Tamura, and A Yamanaka, and M Shimohara, and T Tomita, and K Komase, and Y Tsuda, and Y Suzuki, and T Nagamine, and K Kawahara, and H Danbara
Construction and immunogenicity evaluation of an epitope-based antigen against swine influenza A virus using Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin B subunit as a carrier-adjuvant.
June 2013, Veterinary microbiology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!