Biomaterial Database

Cardiac output by transesophageal echocardiography using continuous-wave Doppler across the aortic valve. 1994

P L Darmon, and Z Hillel, and A Mogtader, and B Mindich, and D Thys

Department of Anesthesiology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10025.

BACKGROUND The use of transesophageal echocardiography for the determination of cardiac output (CO) has been limited to date. We assessed the capability of aortic continuous-wave Doppler transesophageal echocardiography to determine CO (DCO) in a transgastric long-axis imaging plane of the heart by comparing DCO to thermodilution CO (TCO). METHODS DCO was determined in 63 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Aortic valve area was obtained from the transverse short-axis view of the valve assuming a triangular shape for the valve orifice. Stroke volume was calculated as the product of velocity-time integral and aortic valve area: stroke volume = velocity-time integral x aortic valve area. DCO was calculated off-line, by multiplying stroke volume with heart rate: DCO = stroke volume x heart rate. RESULTS The aortic valve orifice was easily imaged in all patients. Excellent-quality continuous-wave Doppler flow profiles were obtained in nearly all (62 of 63). A total of 109 DCO determinations were performed. Mean DCO was 4.35 +/- 1.18 l.min-1 (range 2.02-7.42 l.min-1), and mean TCO was 4.41 +/- 1.17 l.min-1 (range 2.24-8.94 l.min-1). Very high correlation and agreement were found between the two methods: DCO = 0.94 x TCO + 0.19, r = 0.94, SEE (standard error of the estimate) = 0.41 l.min-1; 95% confidence interval = 0.06 +/- 0.83 l.min-1. Relative changes from pre- to postbypass CO (delta) also showed a strong correlation (delta DCO = 0.93 x delta TCO + 5.4%, r = 0.82, SEE = 17.8%). For CO changes greater than 10%, Doppler was in accordance with thermodilution in 43 of 45 measurements. DCO repeatability coefficient was 0.51 l.min-1. CONCLUSIONS Compared to thermodilution, continuous-wave Doppler measurements of blood flow velocity across the aortic valve in the transesophageal echocardiographic transgastric view allow accurate CO determination.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008955	Models, Cardiovascular	Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment.	Cardiovascular Model,Cardiovascular Models,Model, Cardiovascular
D002302	Cardiac Output	The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).	Cardiac Outputs,Output, Cardiac,Outputs, Cardiac
D006321	Heart	The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood.	Hearts
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001011	Aorta	The main trunk of the systemic arteries.	Aortas
D001021	Aortic Valve	The valve between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta which prevents backflow into the left ventricle.	Aortic Valves,Valve, Aortic,Valves, Aortic
D013599	Systole	Period of contraction of the HEART, especially of the HEART VENTRICLES.	Systolic Time Interval,Interval, Systolic Time,Intervals, Systolic Time,Systoles,Systolic Time Intervals,Time Interval, Systolic,Time Intervals, Systolic
D015150	Echocardiography, Doppler	Measurement of intracardiac blood flow using an M-mode and/or two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiogram while simultaneously recording the spectrum of the audible Doppler signal (e.g., velocity, direction, amplitude, intensity, timing) reflected from the moving column of red blood cells.	Doppler Echocardiography,Echocardiography, Continuous Doppler,Echocardiography, Two-Dimensional Doppler,2-D Doppler Echocardiography,2D Doppler Echocardiography,Continuous Doppler Echocardiography,Doppler Echocardiography, 2-D,Doppler Echocardiography, 2D,Doppler Echocardiography, Continuous,Doppler Echocardiography, Two-Dimensional,Echocardiography, 2-D Doppler,Echocardiography, 2D Doppler,Two-Dimensional Doppler Echocardiography,2 D Doppler Echocardiography,Doppler Echocardiography, 2 D,Doppler Echocardiography, Two Dimensional,Echocardiography, 2 D Doppler,Echocardiography, Two Dimensional Doppler,Two Dimensional Doppler Echocardiography
D015203	Reproducibility of Results	The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.	Reliability and Validity,Reliability of Result,Reproducibility Of Result,Reproducibility of Finding,Validity of Result,Validity of Results,Face Validity,Reliability (Epidemiology),Reliability of Results,Reproducibility of Findings,Test-Retest Reliability,Validity (Epidemiology),Finding Reproducibilities,Finding Reproducibility,Of Result, Reproducibility,Of Results, Reproducibility,Reliabilities, Test-Retest,Reliability, Test-Retest,Result Reliabilities,Result Reliability,Result Validities,Result Validity,Result, Reproducibility Of,Results, Reproducibility Of,Test Retest Reliability,Validity and Reliability,Validity, Face
D017548	Echocardiography, Transesophageal	Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues using a transducer placed in the esophagus.	Transesophageal Echocardiography