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The effects of glucocorticoid (GC) on thymocytes have been utilized to investigate the maturation and differentiation of thymocytes, but these experiments have mainly been performed on mouse thymocytes. We investigated the cell surface antigens expressed by LEW rat thymocytes during thymic reconstitution after GC treatment. Three-color flow cytofluorometric analysis of CD4, CD8 and the T cell antigen receptor (TCR alpha beta) clearly demonstrated that normal rat thymocytes contain CD4-8+ TCR alpha beta- and CD4+8- TCR alpha beta- cells. After GC treatment, we observed significant increases in the percentages of CD4-8+ TCR alpha beta- and CD4+8- TCR alpha beta- cells. The extent of the increase in the percentage of CD4-8+ TCR alpha beta- cells was greater than that of CD4+8- TCR alpha beta- thymocytes. Two-color analysis of TCR alpha beta and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen showed that GC treatment significantly increased the percentage of TCR alpha beta- MHC class Ihi cells. Three-color analysis of CD4, CD8 and MHC class I demonstrated that normal rat thymocytes contain CD4-8- MHC class Ihi cells, which increased in number after GC treatment. These results indicate that rat thymocytes contain no fewer CD4-8+ TCR alpha beta- and CD4+8- TCR alpha beta+ cells than do mouse thymocytes, and that CD4-8+ TCR alpha beta- cells predominate over CD4+8- TCR alpha beta- cells in LEW rat thymus. Rat CD4-8- cells seemed to be divided into two subsets of TCR alpha beta- MHC class Ihi and TCR alpha beta- MHC class I- cells.
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