Biomaterial Database

Immunological properties of Rickettsia rickettsii purified by zonal centrifugation. 1975

R L Anacker, and R K Gerloff, and L A Thomas, and R E Mann, and W D Bickel

The properties of Rickettsia rickettsii purified from infected chicken yolk sacs or mouse L cell cultures by sucrose density gradient centrifugation in a zonal rotor were examined in various ways. Rickettsiae derived from both L cells and yolk sacs had similar compositions: about 12% nitrogen, 1.5% phosphorus, 5% carbohydrate, and 30% fatty acids. On a dry-weight basis, purified rickettsiae were at least 2,000 times as effective as a commercial spotted fever vaccine in protecting guinea pigs against infection with spotted fever rickettsiae and mice against death from toxin of R. rickettsii. Gradient-purified rickettsiae (0.6 mug) induced a serological response in guinea pigs of the same magnitude as that stimulated by 1,600 mug of the commercial vaccine. Gradient-purified rickettsiae had little group reactivity in complement fixation tests but became anti-complementary upon storage. Microagglutination and hemagglutination tests with the purified antigen gave promise of usefulness in diagnosis of spotted fever. These results suggest that zonal centrifugation may be a valuable procedure for the preparation of R. rickettsii vaccine and diagnostic reagent.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007106	Immune Sera	Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.	Antisera,Immune Serums,Sera, Immune,Serums, Immune
D007114	Immunization	Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).	Immunologic Stimulation,Immunostimulation,Sensitization, Immunologic,Variolation,Immunologic Sensitization,Immunological Stimulation,Sensitization, Immunological,Stimulation, Immunologic,Immunizations,Immunological Sensitization,Immunological Sensitizations,Immunological Stimulations,Sensitizations, Immunological,Stimulation, Immunological,Stimulations, Immunological,Variolations
D007117	Immunization, Secondary	Any immunization following a primary immunization and involving exposure to the same or a closely related antigen.	Immunization, Booster,Revaccination,Secondary Immunization,Booster Immunization,Booster Immunizations,Immunizations, Booster,Immunizations, Secondary,Revaccinations,Secondary Immunizations
D007739	L Cells	A cultured line of C3H mouse FIBROBLASTS that do not adhere to one another and do not express CADHERINS.	Earle's Strain L Cells,L Cell Line,L Cells (Cell Line),L-Cell Line,L-Cells,L-Cells, Cell Line,L929 Cell Line,L929 Cells,NCTC Clone 929 Cells,NCTC Clone 929 of Strain L Cells,Strain L Cells,Cell Line L-Cell,Cell Line L-Cells,Cell Line, L,Cell Line, L929,Cell Lines, L,Cell, L,Cell, L (Cell Line),Cell, L929,Cell, Strain L,Cells, L,Cells, L (Cell Line),Cells, L929,Cells, Strain L,L Cell,L Cell (Cell Line),L Cell Lines,L Cell, Strain,L Cells, Cell Line,L Cells, Strain,L-Cell,L-Cell Lines,L-Cell, Cell Line,L929 Cell,Strain L Cell
D009584	Nitrogen	An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
D010758	Phosphorus	A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	Black Phosphorus,Phosphorus-31,Red Phosphorus,White Phosphorus,Yellow Phosphorus,Phosphorus 31,Phosphorus, Black,Phosphorus, Red,Phosphorus, White,Phosphorus, Yellow
D002241	Carbohydrates	A class of organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of Cn(H2O)n. The largest class of organic compounds, including STARCH; GLYCOGEN; CELLULOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES; and simple MONOSACCHARIDES.	Carbohydrate
D002501	Centrifugation, Zonal	Centrifugation using a rotating chamber of large capacity in which to separate cell organelles by density-gradient centrifugation. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Centrifugations, Zonal,Zonal Centrifugation,Zonal Centrifugations
D003168	Complement Fixation Tests	Serologic tests based on inactivation of complement by the antigen-antibody complex (stage 1). Binding of free complement can be visualized by addition of a second antigen-antibody system such as red cells and appropriate red cell antibody (hemolysin) requiring complement for its completion (stage 2). Failure of the red cells to lyse indicates that a specific antigen-antibody reaction has taken place in stage 1. If red cells lyse, free complement is present indicating no antigen-antibody reaction occurred in stage 1.	Complement Absorption Test, Conglutinating,Conglutination Reaction,Conglutinating Complement Absorption Test,Complement Fixation Test,Conglutination Reactions,Fixation Test, Complement,Fixation Tests, Complement,Reaction, Conglutination,Reactions, Conglutination,Test, Complement Fixation,Tests, Complement Fixation
D005227	Fatty Acids	Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Aliphatic Acid,Esterified Fatty Acid,Fatty Acid,Fatty Acids, Esterified,Fatty Acids, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acid,Aliphatic Acids,Acid, Aliphatic,Acid, Esterified Fatty,Acid, Saturated Fatty,Esterified Fatty Acids,Fatty Acid, Esterified,Fatty Acid, Saturated,Saturated Fatty Acids