Biomaterial Database

Dose-dependent kinetics of inhaled styrene in man. 1993

A Löf, and G Johanson

National Institute of Occupational Health, Solna, Sweden.

One female and one male volunteer were exposed to styrene vapour (2 h; 50 W) at four different concentrations (26, 77, 201 and 386 ppm). Styrene levels were measured in arterialized capillary blood during and after exposure by head-space gas chromatography, and the levels of mandelic acid in urine were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Non-linear relationships between the level of exposure to styrene and the concentration of styrene in arterial blood and 0-5 h cumulative excretion of mandelic acid indicated metabolic saturation. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model was used to estimate the maximum metabolic rate (Vmax) of styrene from data on blood styrene. According to the model, the Vmax is 2.9 mmol/h, and metabolic saturation occurs at concentrations of 100-200 ppm styrene, depending on the level of physical activity. To our knowledge, this is the first time that dose-dependent kinetics of styrene has been shown in humans.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008954	Models, Biological	Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.	Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D004305	Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.	Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000280	Administration, Inhalation	The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract.	Drug Administration, Inhalation,Drug Administration, Respiratory,Drug Aerosol Therapy,Inhalation Drug Administration,Inhalation of Drugs,Respiratory Drug Administration,Aerosol Drug Therapy,Aerosol Therapy, Drug,Drug Therapy, Aerosol,Inhalation Administration,Administration, Inhalation Drug,Administration, Respiratory Drug,Therapy, Aerosol Drug,Therapy, Drug Aerosol
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults
D013343	Styrenes	Derivatives and polymers of styrene. They are used in the manufacturing of synthetic rubber, plastics, and resins. Some of the polymers form the skeletal structures for ion exchange resin beads.
D020058	Styrene	A colorless, toxic liquid with a strong aromatic odor. It is used to make rubbers, polymers and copolymers, and polystyrene plastics.	Styrene Monomer,Styrol,Vinylbenzene,Monomer, Styrene