Biomaterial Database

Gene substitutions and geotaxis in Drosophila melanogaster. 1975

S Kessler, and H C Kraemer

Tightly linked gene markers at the white locus of Drosophila were placed, by repeated backcrossing, on each of two genetic backgrounds. Ten genotypes representing various combinations of homo- and heterozygosity were studied in a Hirsch-type geotactic maze. In general, the effects of genetic background, dominance, and epistasis were found to exceed the additive effects of gene substitutions. The results domonstrate the feasibility of analyzing the contributions of single genes to behaviors known to be polygenically determined.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D004331	Drosophila melanogaster	A species of fruit fly frequently used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes.	D. melanogaster,Drosophila melanogasters,melanogaster, Drosophila
D005796	Genes	A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms.	Cistron,Gene,Genetic Materials,Cistrons,Genetic Material,Material, Genetic,Materials, Genetic
D005799	Genes, Dominant	Genes that influence the PHENOTYPE both in the homozygous and the heterozygous state.	Conditions, Dominant Genetic,Dominant Genetic Conditions,Genetic Conditions, Dominant,Condition, Dominant Genetic,Dominant Gene,Dominant Genes,Dominant Genetic Condition,Gene, Dominant,Genetic Condition, Dominant
D005818	Genetic Engineering	Directed modification of the gene complement of a living organism by such techniques as altering the DNA, substituting genetic material by means of a virus, transplanting whole nuclei, transplanting cell hybrids, etc.	Genetic Intervention,Engineering, Genetic,Intervention, Genetic,Genetic Interventions,Interventions, Genetic
D006112	Gravitation	Acceleration produced by the mutual attraction of two masses, and of magnitude inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two centers of mass. It is also the force imparted by the earth, moon, or a planet to an object near its surface. (From NASA Thesaurus, 1988)	G Force,Gravistimulation,Gravity,Force, G,G Forces,Gravities
D006579	Heterozygote	An individual having different alleles at one or more loci regarding a specific character.	Carriers, Genetic,Genetic Carriers,Carrier, Genetic,Genetic Carrier,Heterozygotes
D006720	Homozygote	An individual in which both alleles at a given locus are identical.	Homozygotes
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001522	Behavior, Animal	The observable response an animal makes to any situation.	Autotomy Animal,Animal Behavior,Animal Behaviors