Biomaterial Database

Idiotype- and anti-idiotype-reactive T lymphocytes in myasthenia gravis. Evidence for the involvement of different subpopulations of T helper lymphocytes. 1994

Q Yi, and A K Lefvert

Immunologic Research Laboratory, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Patients with myasthenia gravis have peripheral blood T cells that are stimulated to secrete IFN-gamma and IL-2 by human monoclonal anti-acetylcholine receptor and anti-idiotypic Abs. The human CD4+ Th cells may be subdivided into different subsets according to the pattern of cytokine production. To elucidate the subgroup of T cells involved in myasthenia gravis, we have analyzed IL-4-, IFN-gamma-, and IL-2-secretion patterns induced by two human disease-specific mAbs, one idiotypic and one anti-idiotypic Ab. T cells stimulated to secrete one or more of the cytokines were found in 33 of 34 patients. The idiotypic Ab stimulated IL-4 secretion in 19 of 34 patients, IFN-gamma secretion in 26 of 34 patients, and IL-2 secretion in 25 of 34. The anti-idiotypic Ab induced IL-4 secretion in 9 of 34 patients, IFN-gamma secretion in 29 of 34 patients, and IL-2 secretion in 28 of 34 patients. These T cell responses were MHC class II-restricted. According to the cytokine-secretion patterns, Id-reactive T cells might correspond to both Th1/Th2 and/or Th0 cells. The anti-idiotypic Ab more frequently induced a Th1-type response. This study indicates that different subsets of T lymphocytes are involved in the idiotypic network in myasthenia gravis, and that these functionally different T cells may participate in the immunoregulation of the disease.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007075	Immunoglobulin M	A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally was called a macroglobulin.	Gamma Globulin, 19S,IgM,IgM Antibody,IgM1,IgM2,19S Gamma Globulin,Antibody, IgM
D007130	Immunoglobulin Idiotypes	Unique genetically-controlled determinants present on ANTIBODIES whose specificity is limited to a single group of proteins (e.g., another antibody molecule or an individual myeloma protein). The idiotype appears to represent the antigenicity of the antigen-binding site of the antibody and to be genetically codetermined with it. The idiotypic determinants have been precisely located to the IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION of both immunoglobin polypeptide chains.	Idiotypes, Immunoglobulin,Ig Idiotypes,Idiotype, Ig,Idiotype, Immunoglobulin,Idiotypes, Ig,Ig Idiotype,Immunoglobulin Idiotype
D007371	Interferon-gamma	The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.	Interferon Type II,Interferon, Immune,gamma-Interferon,Interferon, gamma,Type II Interferon,Immune Interferon,Interferon, Type II
D007376	Interleukin-2	A soluble substance elaborated by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-LYMPHOCYTES which induces DNA synthesis in naive lymphocytes.	IL-2,Lymphocyte Mitogenic Factor,T-Cell Growth Factor,TCGF,IL2,Interleukin II,Interleukine 2,RU 49637,RU-49637,Ro-23-6019,Ro-236019,T-Cell Stimulating Factor,Thymocyte Stimulating Factor,Interleukin 2,Mitogenic Factor, Lymphocyte,RU49637,Ro 23 6019,Ro 236019,Ro236019,T Cell Growth Factor,T Cell Stimulating Factor
D008297	Male		Males
D009157	Myasthenia Gravis	A disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by fatigable weakness of cranial and skeletal muscles with elevated titers of ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS or muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (MuSK) autoantibodies. Clinical manifestations may include ocular muscle weakness (fluctuating, asymmetric, external ophthalmoplegia; diplopia; ptosis; and weakness of eye closure) and extraocular fatigable weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles (ocular myasthenia). THYMOMA is commonly associated with this condition.	Anti-MuSK Myasthenia Gravis,MuSK MG,MuSK Myasthenia Gravis,Muscle-Specific Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Myasthenia Gravis,Muscle-Specific Tyrosine Kinase Antibody Positive Myasthenia Gravis,Myasthenia Gravis, Generalized,Myasthenia Gravis, Ocular,Anti MuSK Myasthenia Gravis,Generalized Myasthenia Gravis,Muscle Specific Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Myasthenia Gravis,Muscle Specific Tyrosine Kinase Antibody Positive Myasthenia Gravis,Myasthenia Gravis, Anti-MuSK,Myasthenia Gravis, MuSK,Ocular Myasthenia Gravis
D005260	Female		Females
D006377	T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer	Subpopulation of CD4+ lymphocytes that cooperate with other lymphocytes (either T or B) to initiate a variety of immune functions. For example, helper-inducer T-cells cooperate with B-cells to produce antibodies to thymus-dependent antigens and with other subpopulations of T-cells to initiate a variety of cell-mediated immune functions.	Helper Cell,Helper Cells,Helper T Cell,Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocytes,Inducer Cell,Inducer Cells,T-Cells, Helper-Inducer,T-Lymphocytes, Helper,T-Lymphocytes, Inducer,Helper T-Cells,Cell, Helper T,Cells, Helper T,Helper Inducer T Lymphocytes,Helper T Cells,Helper T-Cell,Helper T-Lymphocyte,Helper T-Lymphocytes,Helper-Inducer T-Cell,Helper-Inducer T-Cells,Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocyte,Inducer T-Lymphocyte,Inducer T-Lymphocytes,T Cell, Helper,T Cells, Helper,T Cells, Helper Inducer,T Lymphocytes, Helper,T Lymphocytes, Helper Inducer,T Lymphocytes, Inducer,T-Cell, Helper,T-Cell, Helper-Inducer,T-Cells, Helper,T-Lymphocyte, Helper,T-Lymphocyte, Helper-Inducer,T-Lymphocyte, Inducer
D006681	HLA-D Antigens	Human immune-response or Class II antigens found mainly, but not exclusively, on B-lymphocytes and produced from genes of the HLA-D locus. They are extremely polymorphic families of glycopeptides, each consisting of two chains, alpha and beta. This group of antigens includes the -DR, -DQ and -DP designations, of which HLA-DR is most studied; some of these glycoproteins are associated with certain diseases, possibly of immune etiology.	Antigens, HLA-D,Class II Human Antigens,HLA-Dw Antigens,Human Class II Antigens,Ia-Like Antigens, Human,Immune Response-Associated Antigens, Human,Immune-Associated Antigens, Human,Immune-Response Antigens, Human,HLA-D,HLA-Dw,Immune Response Associated Antigens, Human,Antigens, HLA D,Antigens, HLA-Dw,Antigens, Human Ia-Like,Antigens, Human Immune-Associated,Antigens, Human Immune-Response,HLA D Antigens,HLA Dw Antigens,Human Ia-Like Antigens,Human Immune-Associated Antigens,Human Immune-Response Antigens,Ia Like Antigens, Human,Immune Associated Antigens, Human,Immune Response Antigens, Human
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man